2025中考英语解题技巧(全国通用)专题4.字词猜测解题技巧(学生版+解析)

字词猜测解题技巧 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义是英语阅读理解题重要出题方向之一，也是考查考生英语语言能力和文化品格的一种重要方式。词义猜测题可以针对单词、短语的意思进行命题考查，还可以针对某一句子的准确理解或代词的精确指代进行设题。除了直接考查单词或短语词义猜测外，在阅读理解文章中，总会有一些单词或短语超出了《考试大纲》词汇表的范围，但又没有附加注释，也需要考生猜测，这也是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。 解题技巧 1.指代猜测法 指代猜测指依据语境的逻辑关系，判断划线的人称代词或指示代词在文章中指代的对象。 考查考生对文章中叙述的特定的人、物、事件的再认能力。解这类题时，应注意代词指代的总原则———就近指代。 When you travel to other countries, you can be served with different new foods and know more things about different customs(风俗). You read all these from books in the past, but now you have a chance to know them clearly. You can also make new friends from different countries. They can help you know more about their own countries. What does the underlined word "them" refer to in Paragraph 3 A. Friends. B. Teachers. C. Countries. D. Customs. Step1：分析理解题干及选项：结合题干可知本题考查点为指代猜测，选项含义 A.朋友B. 老师 C. 国家 D. 习俗 Step2： 定位分析线索句：根据第一句"When you travel to other countries, you can be served with different new foods and know more things about different customs (风俗)."当你去其他国家旅行时，你可以吃到不同的新食物，了解更多关于不同习俗的事情，由此可知下一句所说的在书中了解的是关于习俗的事情，有机会清晰地了解他们也是指的风俗。 Step3：定位答案：结合选项含义可知，确定答案为D。 2.转折对比法 The transmission of culture seems to be directly related to what’s in our blood. Just as snails carry their shell, so do we bring along our culture.However, culture is also passed on among people of the same times or among people belonging to different populations. We can learn how to make jiaozi even if we were born to Russian parents in Paris just as we can learn how to speak English even if none of our family or friends speaks that language. 问：The word “transmission” in Paragraph 4 probably means “ _____ ”. A. system B. spread C. start D. spirit 解题步骤： Step 1 定位画线生词位置。 Step 2 若上下文有表示对比、转折的词，如however、but、yet、while（然而）、rather than（而不是）、instead of、in fact等，则通过这些词找到与画线词对应的内容，推测画线词词义。 Step 3 找到与对应原文意思相符的选项。 However后面说的是“文化传承的另一种方式”，可以推测前面说的也是“文化传播的方式”，画线词对应passed on，意为“传递”，B选项“流传”与之意思相符。 3.因果关系法 ［2022北京C篇节选］Look into what the company tells us about their product. It’s easy to say that a product is “green” or “all natural”， but the words may be too good to be true.So,much of the information about a product should be taken with a grain of salt. After all,companies try to make us believe that their products are environmentally responsible. 问：The words “be taken with a grain of salt” in Paragraph 5 probably mean“_____”. A. be easily understood B. not be completel ... ...