备战2025年中考英语考试易错题(全国通用)易错点15定语从句(学生版+解析)

易错点15 定语从句 定语从句概念： 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫作定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫引导词（也叫关系词）。 定语从句的构成：先行词+关系词+定语从句 如：I know the girl who is sitting under the tree. ↓ ↓ ↓ 先行词 引导词 从句（定语从句） 关系词的选用： 关系代词 指代 在定从中所作成分 例句 which 物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music which is gentle. that 人、物 主语 宾语 Lucy likes music that is gentle. The girl that has long hair is his sister. who 人 主语 宾语 The girl who has long hair is his sister. whom 人 宾语 He is the student that/who/whom I like best. whose 人的、物的 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. 注意：关系代词that/who/which/whom在定从中作宾语时可省略，作主语时不能省略 如：The cartoons (that/which)I like have lots of jokes. 我喜欢的卡通有很多笑话。 The film (that/which) we saw last night is interesting. 我们昨天看的电影非常有趣。 1．（2025·甘肃酒泉·一模）—Have you heard of the Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路倡议) —Yes. It’s an important project _____ helps to connect China with other countries. A．which B．who C．what D．where 2．（2024·广东珠海·模拟预测）I like to visit a place _____ history is long. A．which B．whose C．that D．where 3．（2025·黑龙江哈尔滨·一模）My favorite movie is Ne Zha (《哪吒》) by Jiao Zi _____ is one of the most famous film directors in China. A．which B．who C．whose 4．（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）—I heard that Huang Xuhua still worked hard on national defense (防御) research in his nineties. —That’s true. His spirit _____ never gives up encourages me a lot. A．what B．that C．whether D．how 5．（2025·吉林长春·一模）I will remember the important people in my life _____ helped and supported me. A．who B．which C．what D．/ 关系代词只能用that的情况 (1)当先行词同时指人和物时，关系代词只能用that 如: My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things that they couldn’t remember. (2)当先行词是all(指物), much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none 等不定代词时，关系代词只能用that. 如: Say all that you know/ Is there anything that I can do for you (3)当先行词有the one, the very, the only, the same 等修饰词时，关系代词只能用that,不能用which(指人时可以用who). 如：That’s the only thing that I can do now. /These are the very(adj.恰好的) words that he used. (4)当先行词被序数词、最高级等词修饰时，关系代词只能用that. 如：This is the first play that I have seen since I came here. This is the best novel that I have read. (5)当主句是who或which 引导的特殊疑问句时，而中心词指人或物时，关系代词只能用that. 如：Which is the machine that we used last Sunday 6．（2025·黑龙江绥化·一模）Everyone should be serious about the environment because the earth is the only planet _____ we have. A．who B．which C．that 7．（2025·四川成都·一模）Chengdu becomes the third city in China _____ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airpot. A．that B．which C．where 8．（2024·安徽蚌埠·模拟预测）I still re ... ...