被动语态 Part 1 被动语态 This is the third time I have been here.All visitors to this town ①are treated with kindness.It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what they had done for me.The town life has changed greatly since 1992.People are recycling many things which ②were thrown away in the past.The Town Hall which ③was completed in the 1800's was the most distinguished building at that time.Great changes have taken place in the town and a lot of factories ④have been set up.The church tower which ⑤is being restored will be open to tourists soon, because the work ⑥will be finished. 1．一般现在时的被动语态的构成是：am/is/are＋过去分词，如加黑处_____。 2．一般过去时的被动语态的构成是：was/were＋过去分词，如加黑处_____。 3．现在进行时的被动语态的构成是：am/is/are being＋过去分词，如加黑处_____。 4．现在完成时的被动语态的构成是：have/has been＋过去分词，如加黑处_____。 5．一般将来时的被动语态的构成是：will/shall be＋过去分词，如加黑处_____。 精讲精练 一、基本知识 (一)概念 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系。语态通常分为主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态则表示主语是动作的承受者。 (二)构成 被动语态一般由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be本身无词义，但有人称、数和时态的变化。 (三)用法 1．讲话者不知道动作的执行者或不必说出动作的执行者。(这时可省略by短语) *My bike was stolen last night.我的自行车昨晚被偷了。 2．借助被动的动作突出动作的受动者。 *The bike was knocked down by a naughty boy. 这辆自行车被一个调皮的小男孩撞倒了。 3．为使句子更加合理、流畅。 *The plan was supported by those who wished to live on the campus. 这项计划得到了希望住在校内的人的支持。 4．习惯用法的需要。这类词常见的有born、determine、devote、seat、dress、situate等。 *He was born in China in 2017.他于2017年出生在中国。 [即时演练1]———单句语法填空 (1)If nothing (do)，the oceans will turn into fish deserts. (2)The old tower (build) in 1976 and is now still in a good state. (3)—So what is the procedure —All the applicants (interview) before a final decision is made by the authority. 二、形式 时态名称 被动语态形式 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 *The boy is often heard to play the piano.人们经常听到这个男孩弹钢琴。 *She was seen to enter the hall.有人看见她进了大厅。 *A new house will be built by us next year.明年我们要建一栋新房子。 *The problem is being discussed at the meeting.会议上正在讨论这个问题。 *A meeting was being held when I arrived there.我到那儿时，正在开会。 *All these flowers have been watered.这些花都浇过了。 *The building had been completed before I arrived there. 在我到那之前那座建筑就已竣工了。 *These books may be kept for two weeks.这些书可以借两周。 [温馨提示] 被动语态中的be动词有时可用get来代替。“get＋过去分词”一般用来谈论突然发生的事件，只表示动作，不表示状态。 *She got hurt on her way back home.她在回家的路上受伤了。 [即时演练2]———单句语法填空 (1)It is said that this new shop (build) in our school last year. (2)A ... ...
