高考英语主题词汇分类讲解（素材）

高考英语主题词汇分类讲解 一、婉言拒绝相关 1.decline v 下降； 衰败； 谢绝 The decline is not because we have all become lazy.这种下降并不是因为我们都变得懒惰了。 [2021·浙江卷·阅读理解] Of course, our brains can decline as we grow older for lots of reasons including other environmental influences or genetic factors.当然，随着年龄的增长，我们的大脑会出于很多原因而衰退，包括环境影响和遗传因素等。 [2020·浙江卷·阅读理解] These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost of travels between work and home.这些灯被称为自适应信号灯，它们已显著减少了往返办公地点和住所的麻烦和成本。 [2020·浙江卷·阅读理解] 【常见考点】 a rapid/sharp/gradual decline 迅速／急剧／逐渐下降 urban /economic decline 城市衰落；经济衰退 decline an invitation 谢绝邀请 decline from A to B 从A减少到B The number of staff has declined from 217,000 to 114,000. 员工人数从21.7万减少到了11.4万。 decline by ...减少了……（通常接数额） He estimates that such contracts will decline by a third within the next decade. 他估计未来十年里，这种合同将减少三分之一。 【易混词辨析】 refuse, reject, decline refuse、reject和decline都有“拒绝”的意思，但refuse语气较重，指态度坚决，肯定无疑的拒绝。也可指不接受别人给的东西，如 ： The obstinate child refused to answer any question. 她认为这固执的孩子拒绝回答任何问题。 reject是正式用词。多指由于某物某事某行为不能让人满意而被当面直截了当地拒绝，如： The court rejected the prisoner's appeal for a new trial. 法院驳回了犯人的申请重审。 decline尤指礼貌地拒绝他人的帮助或邀请，如： He declined Mary's invitation to dinner. 他谢绝了玛丽请吃晚饭的邀请。 【写作高分表达】 1.in decline在衰退中；减少中 Home cooking seems to be in decline as more and more people tend to order their food on apps.随着越来越多的人倾向于在应用程序上订购食物，自己在家做饭的人越来越少。 2.refuse v 拒绝； 不愿 refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事； 不愿做某事 The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don't know.自动电话的问题已经变得非常严重，以至于很多人现在都拒绝接听陌生号码打来的电话。 [2019·北京卷·阅读理解] 【常见考点】 refuse to do sth.拒绝做某事 She refused to accept that there was a problem. 她拒不承认有问题存在。 refuse sb.sth.拒绝把某物给某人 They refused him a visa. 他们拒绝给他签证。 【易混词辨析】 refuse, reject, decline refuse、reject和decline都有“拒绝”的意思，但refuse语气较重，指态度坚决，肯定无疑的拒绝。也可指不接受别人给的东西，如： The obstinate child refused to answer any question. 她认为这固执的孩子拒绝回答任何问题。 reject是正式用词。多指由于某物某事某行为不能让人满意而被当面直截了当地拒绝，如： The court rejected the prisoner's appeal for a new trial. 法院驳回了犯人的申请重审。 decline尤指礼貌地拒绝他人的帮助或邀请，如： He declined Mary's invitation to dinner. 他谢绝了玛丽请吃晚饭的邀请。 3.reject v 拒绝 Most of which we can reject right away, people who don't have the right experience, qualifications, that kind of thing.大部分我们都可以马上拒绝，那些没有合适的经验 ... ...