【弯道超车】Unit 1 The Changing World 核心语法之被动语态-2025年仁爱科普版九年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 / 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科 2025年仁爱科普版九年级英语上册精讲精练 Unit 1 The Changing World 核心语法：被动语态 一、被动语态的定义 被动语态（Passive Voice） 用于强调动作的承受者而非执行者，基本结构为： "be动词 + 过去分词"，其中be动词需根据时态变化。 对比主动语态与被动语态： 主动语态：主语（执行者） + 谓语 + 宾语（承受者） The workers built the bridge.（工人建造了这座桥。） 被动语态：主语（承受者） + be动词 + 过去分词 + (by + 执行者) The bridge was built (by the workers).（这座桥被工人建造。） 二、被动语态的构成 时态 主动语态 被动语态 例句（被动） 一般现在时 do/does am/is/are + done English is spoken worldwide. 一般过去时 did was/were + done The letter was sent yesterday. 一般将来时 will do will be + done The project will be finished soon. 现在进行时 am/is/are doing am/is/are being + done The road is being repaired. 现在完成时 have/has done have/has been + done The work has been completed. 三、被动语态的使用场景 1、强调动作的承受者 The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo da Vinci.（强调《蒙娜丽莎》是被画的客体） 2、执行者未知或不重要 My wallet was stolen on the bus.（不知道是谁偷的） 3、客观描述事实（科学、新闻等） The results will be announced next week. 四、被动语态的转换步骤 主动语态 → 被动语态： 将主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语； 根据原句时态选择对应的be动词； 将主动句的谓语动词改为过去分词； 原句主语变为by + 执行者（可省略）。 示例： 主动：Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. 被动：Hamlet was written by Shakespeare. 五、特殊情况的被动语态 1、含双宾语的动词（give, send, show等） 通常将间接宾语（人）变为主语： He gave me a book. → I was given a book (by him). 也可将直接宾语（物）变为主语： A book was given to me (by him). 2、含情态动词的被动语态 结构：情态动词 + be + 过去分词 The rules must be obeyed. 短语动词的被动语态（如look after, turn off） 需保留介词或副词： The children are looked after by the teacher. 六、易错点与注意事项 1、be动词与主语一致 错误：The cakes was eaten by the children. 正确：The cakes were eaten by the children. 2、过去分词的错误形式 错误：The song was sing by a famous artist. 正确：The song was sung by a famous artist. 3、多余使用by短语 若执行者不重要，可省略： The windows were cleaned.（无需加by someone） 七、总结口诀 被动语态三步走，be加过分不能漏， 承受者作主语，by后执行者可省！ 1．The meeting will _____ at 8 o’clock. A．be held B．hold C．takes place D．be taken place 2．How many trees _____ here every year A．are planted B．plant C．be planted D．plants 3．The computer _____ on the table when I leave this afternoon. A．was left B．will be left C．is left D．has been left 4．A new building _____ in our school next year. A．will be built B．is built C．is being built D．has been built 5．His new book _____ next month. A．will be published B．is publishing C．has published D．is published 6．Our club was _____ by a group of students who shared the same hobby. A．found B．founded C．discovered D．started 7．The work _____ finished in two hours. A．is B．was C．will be 8．A lot of bi ... ...