(
课件网) 英语五大基本句型/简单句 英语五大基本句型 You come. 你来。 I love you. 我爱你。 I give you my heart. 我把心给你。 You make me happy. 你让我快乐。 You are my everything. 你是我的一切。 总结:英语句子有以下严格要求:1.必须有_____;2.必须有有_____;3.要能表达_____,若意思不完整则需要在主语和谓语动词后添加其他补充成分如表语/宾语/宾补。 主语 谓语 一个完整的意思 主谓 主谓+宾 主谓+间宾直宾 主谓+宾+宾补 主系+表 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 基本句型一: S +V (主+谓) 基本句型二: S +V +P (主+系+表) 基本句型三: S +V +O (主+谓+宾) 基本句型四: S +V +IO +DO(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五: S +V +O +C(主+谓+宾+宾补) 句型一S +V(主+谓) 此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。 这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。 The girl sings beautifully. 主 谓 Detectives were waiting at the airport all morning. 主 谓 The accident happened when she was crossing the street. 常见的不及物动词 come ,arrive ,ran ,die ,appear ,matter , count ,happen ,live ,rise ,agree ,sink , arise ,succeed ,sigh,scream ,disagree , lie….. 短语:die out,take place,break out ,come up, turn up, grow up,settle down S V (不及物动词) 1. Time 2. The moon 3. The man 4. We all 5. Everybody 6. I 7. They 8. He 9.He 10.They flies. rose. cooked. eat, and drink. laughed. woke. talked for half an hour. walked yesterday is playing have gone 句型一 S +V(主+谓) 句型二 S +V +P(主+系+表) 此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词. 基本句型(三):S十V十P (主系表结构) This is a good story and it sounds very interesting. 主 系 表 主 系 表 此句型中谓语动词需用系动词,表语用来说明主语的特征、状态、类属、身份等。 (一)常见的连系动词(熟练背诵): be 动词:am/is/are/was/were/have been/will be... (是…)+各种表语 感官系动词:look/sound/taste/smell/feel(…起来)+adj. 变化系动词:become (old/a doctor) /get(angry) /grow/go(bad) /turn(yellow) /come(true)(变得...) 保持系动词:keep/stay/remain(保持...)+adj. 表象系动词:seem/appear/look(看起来...)+adj. 终止系动词: prove, turn out (二)充当表语的可以是:名词,形容词,介词短语,从句, 非谓语动词等 S V(是系动词) P(表语) 1. This 2. The dinner 3. He 4. Everything 5. He 6. The book 7. The weather 8. His face is smells fell looks is is became turned an English dictionary. good. happy. different. tall and strong. interesting. warmer. red. 句型二 S +V +P(主+系+表) 句型三 S +V +O(主+谓+宾) 此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。 S V(实义动词) O(宾语) 1. Who 2. She 3. He 8. He 5. They 6. Danny 7. I 4. He knows laughed at understands made ate likes want said the answer her. English. cakes. some apples. donuts. to have a cup of tea. "Good morning." 句型三 S +V +O(主+谓 ... ...