(
课件网) Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 1 Master the usage rules of past participles used as attributes and object complements, and accurately identify them in sentences. 2 Learn to correctly apply past participles in writing to express passive or completed meanings, improving language accuracy and expressiveness. Learning Objectives Teaching Focus Enable students to clearly understand the basic forms and semantic features of past participles used as attributes and object complements, and master their common usage patterns. Teaching Challenges Help students distinguish the subtle differences between past participles and present participles in terms of grammar functions and semantic expressions, and use them accurately in context. Teaching Focus and Teaching Challenges Part 1 Lead-in Lead-in a broken cup fallen leaves the shocked woman What is the past participles Look at the sentences and underline the past participles. In pairs, discuss their functions. Then find more sentences with the -ed form in the text. 1. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. 2. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, ... 3. They had castles built all around England, ... as the attribute as the attribute as the attribute as the object complement Part 2 The past participles (Ⅰ) 过去分词在句子中所作成分 过去分词的定义和功能 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。非谓语动词是一个句子当中的非核心成分，也就是说除了谓语之外什么成分都可以充当。一共有三种形式：不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、和分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done）。 过去分词表示被动或者完成。 vi.不及物动词只能表示完成； vt.及物动词可以表示被动和完成。 过去分词的定义和功能 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。非谓语动词是一个句子当中的非核心成分，即，除了谓语之外什么成分都可以充当。一共有三种形式：不定式（to do）、动名词（doing）、和分词（现在分词doing、过去分词done）。 过去分词表示被动或者完成。 vi.不及物动词只能表示完成； vt.及物动词可以表示被动和完成。 过去分词作定语 1. 意义： （1）及物动词的过去分词作定语：被修饰词与该及物动词之间通常为逻辑上的动宾关系，表示动作已完成，或只表示被动。 Tom drank some boiled water and hurried to school. 汤姆喝了一些白开水，就匆匆忙忙去学校了。（表示被动和完成） When he came into power, he decided to be a leader loved by everyone. 当他开始掌权时，他决定做一个受大家爱戴的领袖。（只表示被动） The plan put forward at the meeting will be carried out soon. 会上提出的计划将很快被执行。（表示被动和完成） 过去分词作定语 2. 位置： （1）单个的过去分词作定语一般放在被修饰的名词之前，但 left只作后置定语。 The broken vase has been thrown outside. 那个碎了的花瓶被扔到外面去了。 The books left are for my students. 剩下的书是给我的学生的。 注意：单个的过去分词修饰something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody 等复合不定代词或those等指示代词时，要放在这些词的后面。 过去分词作定语 （2）过去分词短语作定语要放在被修饰的名词后，其作用相当于一个定语从句。 I borrowed a book written by Mar ... ...
