Period 2 Learning About Language 阅读以下短文，认真感悟加黑部分，完成下面的练习。 Since he graduated from college，he had been in low spirits.①What made him upset was that his mother was always complaining about something.His father had been out of work for a long time.It worried him ②that their family would get into debt if he couldn’t find a suitable job.However，③what he was thinking about was what his parents didn’t understand.They often urged him to look for a job as soon as possible.It was really a problem for him ④that he didn’t know how to communicate with his parents.⑤Whether he would find a job in the local factory was bothering him，for he planned to go to a bigger city. 以上黑体部分均为从句在主从复合句中作主语，称为主语从句，一般放在句首，如①③⑤；也可以用形式主语it代替，而将主语从句后置，如②④。⑤中的Whether意为“是否”，引导主语从句，不可换成if。 一、主语从句的引导词 类别 例词 功能 从属连词 that，whether 在从句中不充当成分，只起连接作用；that无实义，whether意为“是否” 连接代词 what，who，whom，which，whose，whatever，whoever，whichever 在从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，有实际意义 连接副词 when，where，why，how 在从句中作时间、地点、方式、原因状语等成分，有实际意义 That he is kind to that skinny child is clear to us.(that无意义)我们都知道他对那个瘦瘦的孩子是友好的。 Whether this kind of food does us harm remains to be seen.(whether不作成分，意为“是否”) 这种食物对我们是否有害有待观察。 What is bothering that girl isn’t known to us.(what在主语从句中作主语，意为“……的事情”)我们不知道什么正困扰着那个女孩。 Whatever you do is none of my business，so you don’t need to tell me what you will do.(whatever在主语从句中作宾语，意为“任何事”) 你做什么都不关我的事，所以你不必告诉我你要做什么。 Which of all those ways is the best is uncertain.(which在主语从句中作主语，意为“哪一个”) 所有那些方法中哪一个最好还不确定。 Whom we should serve is a question of vital importance.(whom在主语从句中作宾语，意为“谁”) 我们应当为谁服务是一个极为重要的问题。 Whose carelessness destroyed the work must be made clear.(whose在主语从句中作定语，意为“谁的”) 必须查清是谁的粗心破坏了工作。 Who will teach us to enlarge our vocabulary is still open to question.(who在主语从句中作主语，意为“谁”) 谁会教我们扩大词汇量还有待讨论。 When and where the meeting will take place has not been decided yet.(when和where在主语从句中作时间和地点状语) 开会的时间和地点还未决定。 Why he is so obsessive about his appearance is still a puzzle.(why在主语从句中作原因状语) 他为何如此迷恋自己的外表仍然是个谜。 How he earned his living before is not clear to me.(how在主语从句中作方式状语) 我不清楚他以前是如何谋生的。 [即时训练1] 单句语法填空 ①As far as I am concerned，whether the work can be finished on time is doubtful. ②What made the parents proud was that their son had been admitted to Peking University. ③Which place the school will be built in has led to different ideas. ④How he got the important information from the company was a mystery. ⑤That he won firs ... ...
