Unit 2 The Universal Language Section Ⅲ 　Grammar and usage课件（共59张）+讲义

Section Ⅲ 　Grammar and usage 一、动词-ing形式作主语 [先感知] ①Teaching children about the natural world should be treated as one of the most important events in their lives.(人教选一U3) ②But winning gold in Rio paints the most vivid portrait of the team’s competitive spirit.(外研选一U3) ③Taking notes can help you understand and remember better.(北师必修三U8) [会发现]　句①②③中,动词-ing形式作主语。 [明规则] 1.意义:动词-ing形式作主语时常表示一般性的、习惯性的动作。 Not giving enough praise can be just as damaging as giving too much.(浙江卷) 不给予足够的赞扬和给予太多(赞扬)一样有害。 Being brought up in a poor family made Tom very diligent when he was still young. 汤姆出生在一个贫困的家庭里,这让他很小的时候就非常勤奋。 2.位置:①动词-ing形式位于句首;②用it 作形式主语将动词-ing后置。 用it作形式主语且动词-ing作真正的主语的常见句型: It is a waste of time doing sth.做某事是浪费时间。 It is no good/use doing sth.做某事没有用。 It is a waste of time arguing with him about the matter. 与他争辩这件事是浪费时间。 It is no use buying books but not reading them.买书而不读是没有意义的。 3.动词-ing形式作主语时,可以有自己的逻辑主语以构成复合结构,其形式通常有两种: ①形容词性物主代词+动词-ing ②名词所有格+动词-ing Their coming to help was a great encouragement to us. 他们前来帮忙对我们来说是巨大的鼓舞。 Mike’s returning to work is a great help to us. 迈克回来工作对我们来说是一大帮助。 4.谓语动词的单复数 ①单个动词-ing形式作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式; ②当两个或两个以上表达不同意义的动词-ing 形式作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。 Going to Hangzhou by train takes about 16 hours from here. 从这儿乘火车到杭州大约要花费16个小时。 Walking,running and cycling are all healthy forms of exercise. 散步、跑步和骑自行车都是有益健康的锻炼形式。 小题集训1　单句语法填空 ①Producing (produce) food that no one eats wastes the water,fuel,and other resources used to grow it. ②Generally speaking,admitting (admit)one’s mistakes in front of other people requires great courage. ③Writing (write) an essay is a difficult process for most people. ④It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview.Having(have) the answers ready will be of great help. ⑤It’s a waste of time talking(talk) without doing anything. ⑥Their passing(pass) the examination made them delighted. 二、动词-ing 形式作宾语 [先感知] ①However,you should avoid making this gesture in Brazil and Germany,as it is not considered polite.(人教选必一U4) ②Some students act this way merely because they are afraid of being called on by the teacher.(人教选必一U4) ③It was difficult,but he kept practising until he had achieved his goal.(外研选必一U2) ④Just over half(51%) tried to save energy by reducing the use of air conditioning or turning off lights.(北师必修三U8) [会发现]　句①②③④中,动词-ing形式作宾语。 [明规则]　动词-ing形式作宾语时,可位于动词之后,也可位于介词之后,具体用法如下: 1.常接动词-ing 形式作宾语的(短语)动词:appreciate(感激)、consider(思考)、delay(推迟)、avoid(避免)、finish(完成)、imagine(想象)、miss(错过)、me ... ...