(
课件网) Section Ⅲ Learning About Language 语法知识过关 内 容 索 引 课时测评作业 语 法 知 识 过 关 Grammar———过去完成时及其被动语态 一、过去完成时概念及基本结构 [先感知] ①They had already had breakfast before they arrived at the hotel. 他们到达旅馆前已经吃过早饭了。 ②There is concern that the construction company that built the tower block had not followed fire safety rules.(译林选必二U1) 有人担心建造公寓大楼的建筑公司没有遵守消防安全规定。 ③Had she finished writing the composition by 10:00 this morning 今天上午10点之前她写完作文了吗 ④At the end of the meeting,it was announced that an agreement had been reached. 在会议结束时,宣布已经达成了一项协议。 [会发现] 句①加黑处的时态为过去完成时,过去完成时由“ ———构成;句②加黑处为过去完成时的 形式,其由“ ——— 构成;句③为过去完成时的一般疑问句,要把had提到 前;句④为过去完成时的 。 had+过去分词 否定 had not+过去分词 主语 被动语态 [明规则] 1.概念:过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态,即“过去的过去”。 2.基本结构 主动语态 被动语态 肯定形式 had done had been done 否定形式 had not done had not been done 一般疑问句 had+主语+done had+主语+been done 特殊疑问句 疑问词+had+主语+done 疑问词+had+主语+been done 二、过去完成时的用法 [先感知] ①They had wanted to help but could not get there in time. 他们本想帮忙,但没能及时赶到。 ②We had no sooner arrived at the bus station than the bus started. →No sooner had we arrived at the bus station than the bus started. 我们刚到达车站公交车就开了。 ③It was the first time that I had chatted online in English. 这是我第一次在网上用英语聊天。 ④Pulitzer quickly became a successful journalist and by the age of 25, he had become a publisher.(译林选必二U1) 普利策很快成为一名成功的记者,25 岁时,他已成为一名出版商。 [会发现] 句①加黑处用过去完成时表示过去未曾实现的想法;句②为“no sooner...than...”句型,主句常用过去完成时;句③包含“It was the first time...that...”句型,从句时态为 ;句④“ ———与过去完成时连用。 过去完成时 by+过去的时间点 [明规则] 过去完成时的特殊用法 (1)动词think、want、hope、mean、plan、intend等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等; (2)在“hardly...when”“no sooner...than”“scarcely...when”句型中,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时; (3)“It/This/That was the first/second/...time+that...”句型中,从句用过去完成时; (4)过去完成时与“by.../by the end of.../by the time...”等连用。 小题集训 单句语法填空/补全句子 ①By the end of 1999,about 1,000 newspapers in China _____ (set) up their own online news platforms.(译林选二U1) ②Many people refused to believe that living things,including humans, (evolve) from lower forms of life.(外研必一U5) ③Instead of getting down to a new task as I (expect),he examined the previous work again. had set had evolved had expected ④It was the first time that ... ...
