(
课件网) Section Ⅳ Discovering Useful Structures 目 录 (语法项目———过去分词作定语和宾语补足语) 课时跟踪检测 (语法项目———过去分词作定语和宾语补足语) Peter once hated cycling and his abandoned① bicycle was in the corner of his room. Later his father invited a retired② bike instructor to give him some instructions. In order to make himself understood③ by Peter, the coach repeated again and again, requiring him to practise every day. He must finish the task in the time given④. The method adopted by his coach⑤ was very scientific and he made rapid progress. In a cycle race he took part in, the cyclists involved⑥ all longed to win medals. During the match, the audience beside the road waved at him and he was proud of himself. Finally, Peter won a gold medal. [语法入门] ①②为过去分词作前置定语； ③为过去分词作宾语补足语； ④⑥为过去分词作后置定语； ⑤为过去分词短语作后置定语。 规则动词的过去分词由动词原形加-ed构成。不规则动词的过去分词没有统一的构成规则。过去分词一般表示完成的和被动的动作，在句子中不能单独构成谓语，可以用作定语、宾语补足语、表语和状语。 一、过去分词作定语 [先感知] ①The results indicated that something produced by the mould (霉菌) had killed the bacteria. ②As Louis Pasteur said，“Fortune favours the prepared mind.” ③There are few tigers left.It is time for the departments concerned to take measures to protect them from dying out. ④Is there anything unsolved ⑤The risen sun is shining brightly at noon. [会发现] (1)句①中的加黑部分为过去分词短语，在句中作_____定语；句②中的加黑部分为单个过去分词，在句中作_____定语；句③中的left和concerned及句④中的unsolved则是单个过去分词作后置定语。 (2)及物动词(短语)作定语，一般表示被动和完成；不及物动词作定语，如句⑤中的加黑部分只表示_____。 后置 前置 动作的完成 [明规则] 1．一般情况下，单个过去分词作定语，通常放在所修饰词之前。 (1)有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也放在所修饰的名词之后，如left(剩余的), given(所给的), concerned (有关的)等。 (2)如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no与thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等，单个过去分词放在被修饰词的后面。 2．过去分词短语作定语时往往后置，通常放在所修饰词之后，它的作用相当于一个定语从句。 3．及物动词的过去分词作定语，在语态上表示被动；在时间上，常表示动作已经发生或完成。不及物动词的过去分词作定语，不表示被动意义，只强调动作已完成。 [名师点津] 过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别： 意义 形式 语态 时态 done 被动 完成 being done 被动 进行 to be done 被动 尚未发生 [对点练] (1)用所给词的适当形式填空 ①(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, _____(inspire) by The Peony Pavilion, was built at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace. inspired ②(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)Shanghai may be the _____(recognize) home of the soup dumplings but food historians will actually point you to the neighboring canal town of Nanxiang as Xiao long bao's birthplace. ③(2023·全国 ... ...
