Unit 4 Adversity and Courage Ⅲ Learning About Language 课件（共48张）+学案（含答案）+练习（含答案）

Section Ⅲ　　Learning About Language 　　　(语法项目———现在完成进行时) 初识语法———在美文运用中体悟　 　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　 I have been hearing① a strange sound for a while. It's a deep, loud roar, like a lion's. But there aren't any lions here. Soon I see what is making/has been making② the noise: a howler monkey. Now I feel less worried. Realising that something is moving on my shoulder, I turn my head to look at it. It's a giant spider! I brush it off and it runs under some leaves. I try to bat away the huge insects, which have been flying③ around my head in a black cloud for quite a while.I pull off the headset and I'm back in my living room.This is an amazing experience and a reminder of how many species there are in the rain forest. We must do all we can to protect it. ①使用现在完成进行时，表示听到这个奇怪的声音已经有一段时间，可能还会持续下去； ②使用现在进行时或现在完成进行时，表示这个声音正在进行，或已经进行一段时间； ③使用现在完成进行时，表示这些昆虫已经在“我”头上飞了一段时间，可能还会持续下去。 慧学语法———在归纳演绎中学通　 一、现在完成进行时的概念与构成　 1．概念：现在完成进行时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态一直持续到现在，中间没有间断过，动作到现在可能已经结束，也可能还会持续下去。 2．构成：has/have (not)＋been＋现在分词(该时态无被动语态)。 He has been working for two hours. 他已经工作两个小时了。 He hasn't been working since he was out of work one month ago. 自从一个月前失业以来，他一直没有工作。 二、现在完成进行时的具体用法　 1．表示发生在过去的动作一直持续到现在，动作有可能已停止，也有可能会持续下去。 It has been raining since last Sunday. 自上周日以来就一直在下雨。(雨可能继续下) Why are your clothes so dirty What have you been doing 你的衣服怎么这么脏？你在做什么？(动作已经结束) 2．表示一个从过去延续到现在，不断重复发生的动作。 She has been playing tennis since she was eight.(动作反复) 她从八岁起就一直打网球。 [图解助记] [对点练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子) ①It's hard to tell exactly how many people agree with him, but research indicates that the numbers _____ (rise) for some time. ②—You are a great swimmer. —Thanks.It's because I _____ (practise) a lot these days. ③The students _____ the exam since last week.自上周以来学生们一直在准备考试。 三、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别　 1．在不用时间状语的情况下，现在完成进行时的动作不一定已经完成，很可能持续下去，而现在完成时一般表示动作已经完成。现在完成进行时强调动作的延续性，而现在完成时强调动作的结果。 He has cleaned the window. 他已经把窗户擦干净了。(动作已完成，窗户干净了) He has been cleaning the window. 他一直在擦窗户。(动作不一定完成，强调“擦”这个动作一直在进行) 2．现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，而现在完成时一般不表示动作的重复。 I've been taking part in races for four years. 我这四年一直在参加比赛。 How many races have you taken part in 你参加过多少场比赛了？ 3．现在完成进行时带有一种感彩，可使表达生动，而现在完成时通常只陈述事实、影响或结果，不带感彩。 I have read the book. 我已经读了这本书。(陈述事实) I have been reading the book. 我一直在读 ... ...