(课件网) Period 4 UNIT 4 ADVERSITY AND COURAGE 主题语境 人与自我———优秀品行 课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language) 现在完成进行时 一、现在完成进行时的构成及用法 1．构成：have/has＋been＋doing 2．用法 (1)现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，其动作是否继续下去，则由上下文而定。这个 时态多用于延续性动词，如live，learn，lie，stay，sit，wait，stand，rest，study等，并常和all this week，this month，all night，all the morning，recently等时间状语以及since和for引导的时间状语连用(与since和for连用时，动作常会继续下去)。 I have been waiting for an hour and he still hasn't turned up． 我已经等了一个小时了，可他还没来。 I've been writing letters all this morning． 整个上午我一直在写信。 (2)有时现在完成进行时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。这时现在完成进行时可用于瞬间动词。 He's been learning since last year． 他从去年开始就一直学习。 You have been saying for a year that you will study abroad． 整整一年你都在说要出国学习。 (3)现在完成进行时在上下文清楚时也可不与时间状语连用。这时现在完成进行时多指“刚才”或“近来”发生的动作，一般不再继续，并往往含有一种直接的结果。 You've been working too hard． 你工作太辛苦了。(直接结果可能是你一定很累了。) We have been waiting for you for half an hour． 我们已经等你半个钟头了。(暗含人还没到，还会继续等。) (4)现在完成进行时和其他进行时态一样，也可以带有感彩。 I have been wanting to meet you for a long time． 和你见面是我盼望已久的事。 Too much has been happening today． 今天发生太多事了。 [即时训练1] 单句语法填空 ①The dollar _____ (climb) steadily all week． ②I _____ (wait) for an hour and a half． ③Jim _____ (phone) Jenny every night for the past week． ④—You are a great swimmer． —Thanks．It's because I _____ (practise) a lot these days． has been climbing have been waiting has been phoning have been practising 二、现在完成进行时与现在完成时的区别 现在完成进行时 现在完成时 强调过去的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果 √ 强调动作的延续性 √ 强调动作重复 √ 表达生动，含有感彩 √ 说明一个事实、一种影响或结果 √ They have been widening the road．(尚未完成) 他们在加宽马路。 They have widened the road．(已经完成) 他们加宽了马路。 Have you been meeting him recently？(强调动作重复) 你最近一直遇见他吗？ Have you met him recently？(表示结果) 你最近遇见过他吗？ Where have you been？We have been looking for you everywhere．(表示不满) 你到哪里去了？我们在到处找你。 We have looked for him，but haven't found him．(无感彩) 我们找过他，但没有找到。 [即时训练2] 单句语法填空 ①The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and _____ (remain) around that level ever since． ②He _____ (listen) to English programs since he came to the US, so he _____ (make) great progress． ③Although many measures _____ (take), the economy in that country is still going down． has remained has been listening has made have been taken ④The little boy is dirty from head to toe because he _____ (play) in the mud all mor ... ...
