Period 4 单元语法讲练 过去时中的被动语态 (一)一般过去时的被动语态 1．一般过去时的被动语态的构成 主语(动作承受者)＋was/were＋过去分词(＋by＋施动者)。 2．一般过去时的被动语态的用法 一般过去时的被动语态表示过去经常性、习惯性的被动动作或过去某一时刻发生的被动性动作。 This bridge was built last year． 这座桥是去年建的。 Volleyball was often played in this playground． 这个操场上过去经常有人打排球。 [即时训练1] 单句语法填空 ①She _____ (bite) by the dog on the leg when she was catching it on the road． ②In the past，steam engines _____ (use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers． (二)过去完成时的被动语态 1．过去完成时的被动语态的构成 过去完成时的被动语态有以下四种形式： (1)肯定结构：主语＋had been done＋其他成分 (2)否定结构：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分 (3)一般疑问结构：had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分 (4)特殊疑问结构：疑问词＋had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分 2．过去完成时的被动语态的用法 (1)表示过去某一时间以前已经完成的动作，常与by，before等引导的时间状语连用。 The classroom hadn't been cleaned before the teacher came． 直到老师来，教室才被打扫干净。 (2)在told，said，knew，heard，thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示过去某一被动动作时，用过去完成时。 The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in． 有人提醒男孩他的家庭作业还没上交呢。 (3)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。 As the assignment had been done，he went on to search the Internet． 任务完成后，他继续上网搜索。 (4)当从句由after，before，when或as soon as引导时，主句和从句都可以用一般过去时。 They locked the door before they left． 他们在离开前锁上了门。 [即时训练2] 单句语法填空 ①Everything _____ (get) ready by the time they arrived． ②The boy _____ (notice) stealing a bike by the police，so he was taken to the police station． (三)过去进行时的被动语态 1．过去进行时的被动语态的构成 was/were＋being＋动词的过去分词 My father was reading the book at this time yesterday．(主动语态) The book was being read by my father at this time yesterday．(过去进行时的被动语态) 昨天这个时候，我爸爸正在读这本书。 2．过去进行时的被动语态有以下四种形式： (1)过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式为：was/were＋being＋done。 Computer was being majored by him during his college． 他那时正在大学学计算机专业。 (2)过去进行时的被动语态的否定式为：was/were＋not＋being＋done。 The car wasn't being repaired by me then． 那时这辆车不是我修理的。 (3)过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将was/were提到主语的前面。(回答用yes或no) Was a new library being put up in their school just then 他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗？ (4)过去进行时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词＋was/were(＋主语)＋being＋done。 What was being done to the machine 对这台机器采取了什么措施？ 3．过去进行时的被动语态的用法 (1)过去进行时的被动语态表示过去正在进行的被动动作。 He was being interviewed by our head master then． 那时他正在接受我们校长的采访。 (2)过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，若与之连用，这时需要用完成时的被动语态。 The house over there has been bu ... ...
