2025--2026年高二北师版选择性必修第四册英语 Unit 10--Unit 12单元基础综合练习试卷（含解析）

2025--2026年高二北师版选择性必修第四册英语 Unit 10--Unit12单元基础综合练习试卷【含答案无听力】 一、阅读单选（3题）（本大题共1小题） A theme at this year’s World Economic Forum (WEF) meeting in Switzerland was the perceived need to “speed up breakthroughs in research and technology” Some of this framing was motivated by the climate emergency; some by the opportunities and challenges presented by generative artificial intelligence (AI). In various conversations, it seems to be taken for granted that to address the world’s problems, scientific research needs to move faster and break things. But what if the thing being broken is science Or public trust In recent years, we’ve seen important papers written by well-known scientists and published in influential journals were retracted (召回) because of questionable data or methods. In one notable case, Frances H. Arnold, who shared the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry, voluntarily retracted a paper when her lab was unable to replicate (复制) her results — but after the paper had been published. In an open apology, she stated that she was “a bit busy” when the paper was submitted and “did not do my job well”. Arnold’s honesty is admirable, but it raises a question; Are scholars at super competitive places such as Harvard, Stanford and Yale rushing to publish rather than taking the time to do their work right It’s impossible to answer this question scientifically because there’s no scientific definition of “rushing”. But there’s little doubt that we live in a culture where academics at leading universities are under enormous pressure to produce results—and a lot of them—quickly. Formal research assessments have for years judged academic departments largely on the output quantity. The existing system has led to reduced motivation for excellence and innovation in academic research. A recent reform by academics within the field has urged for quality over quantity. Good science takes time. More than 50 years passed between the 1543 publication of Copernicus’s magnum opus (天体运行论), and the broad scientific acceptance of the heliocentric model of the universe. Nearly a century passed between biochemist Friedrich Miescher’s identification of the DNA and the clarification of its double-helix structure in the 1950s. And it took just about half a century for geologists and geophysicists to accept geophysicist Alfred Wegener’s idea of continental movement. Scientists and other scholars are pushing results out far faster than they used to. Consider the volume of academic papers being published these days. One recent study put the number at over seven million a year, compared with fewer than a million as recently as 1980. Another study found 265 academic authors—two thirds of whom were in the medical and life sciences—who published a paper every five days on average. Some of this growth is driven by more scientists and more co-authorship of papers, but the numbers also suggest that the research ... ...