单元小测(Unit 1) Ⅰ.1.circumstances 2.mixture 3.fluency 4.sincerely 5.commercial 6.symbolizing 7.Ultimately 8.admission 9.thoughtful 10.an Ⅱ.1.put off 2.is set in 3.is qualified for 4.live life to the full 5.serve as Ⅲ.1.when first seeing the car 2.What I saw was 3.so that she could have Ⅳ.【文章大意】 本文是说明文,介绍了人们有时会自愿选择困难而非轻松的现象,并探讨了这种现象背后的心理机制及其在日常生活中的应用。 1.D 细节理解题。根据第一段“But sometimes—whether it’s running a marathon, climbing a mountain, or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease. Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of Toronto, calls this the effort paradox.”可知,努力悖论指的是我们有时会选择困难而非轻松的情况。故选D项。 2.B 推理判断题。根据第三段“In a study by a psychiatrist at Stanford University School of Medicine, mice learned to poke(捅,推)their noses into a hole to obtain juice. When the number of pokes it took to receive juice was raised, or mild electric shocks were given, more dopamine was released in the striatum, a brain region important for motivation and experiencing reward. It also found that people rewarded for choosing a more difficult task opt for the difficult version the next time, even if it no longer comes with a reward. This appreciation of hard work transfers to unrelated tasks, from school and sports to work and parenting.”可知,斯坦福大学医学院的一项研究表明,当老鼠获取果汁需要更多的伸鼻子动作或受到轻微电击时,大脑中会释放更多的多巴胺。人们因为选择更困难的任务而获得奖励,而后还会选择困难的任务并且这种对努力工作的欣赏会转移到不相关的任务中。这说明努力虽然有代价,但也会被重视。故选B项。 3.C 词义猜测题。根据第一段“But sometimes—whether it’s running a marathon, climbing a mountain, or assembling furniture—we willingly choose difficulty over ease. Michael Inzlicht, a psychologist at the University of Toronto, calls this the effort paradox.”以及第四段“Still, putting down our phones and seeking…may be difficult at first.”可知,exertion 在此处意为“努力”。故选C项。 4.D 推理判断题。根据最后一段“‘Sometimes the same effort can become boring and frustrating, so keep it fresh: find a new park to walk through or save a favourite show or podcast for the gym. We can strive for a healthier balance between seeking pleasure and embracing challenges,’ Lembke says.”可知,Lembke建议找到一些有刺激性的东西来完成需要努力的事情。故选 D 项。 Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍的是如何建立自信,克服自我怀疑。 1.E 根据空前的“Nowadays we are living in the age of anxiety.”可知,当前人们生活在焦虑的时代,结合空后的“When you have faith in yourself, you are best placed to handle the challenges life presents.”可知,自信有助于更好地应对生活中的挑战,由此可知,此空应有承上启下的作用,E选项 (但是你的态度和自信是你治疗焦虑的良药。)讲述的内容提到解决生活中焦虑的方法,与上文为转折关系,且引出下文要讲述的话题,符合语境。故选E项。 2.B 根据本段的主题句“Build your team”可知,本段建议组建团队来解决焦虑问题,结合空前的“Choose y ... ...
~~ 您好，已阅读到文档的结尾了 ~~
