【学霸笔记】18　Unit 3　Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Using language) 讲义 外研版高中 选择性必修一（学生版+教师版）

Period 4　 单元语法讲练(Using language) 动词-ing形式作主语 美文诵读 语法体悟 ①Jogging in the nearby park on a daily basis is one of my routines．One day，when jogging in the park，a young girl stepped on a banana skin and fell down on her back．②Being surrounded by many people made her very embarrassed．She realized that it was no use ③pretending not to care about．④Having experienced the same case made me deeply understand her，so I decided to give her some help．I quickly came up to her，helping her up from the ground．⑤My appearing seemed to have eased some of her embarrassment and I gave her a knowing smile and we walked away together． 语段中的斜体部分均为动词-ing形式，并且在句中均充当主语；其中③所在句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词-ing形式。动词-ing形式有不同的时态与语态，②是被动语态；④是完成时态。 动词-ing形式是非谓语动词的一种形式，可在句中充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、宾语补足语和状语，但不能单独作谓语。 一、动词-ing形式作主语的两种位置 1．通常置于句首。 Saying is one thing，and doing is another． 说是一回事，而做是另一回事。 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a language． 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 2．it位于句首作形式主语，动词-ing形式位于某些形容词或名词之后，作真正的主语。 It is useless arguing with them． 与他们争论是徒劳无益的。 [名师点津]　(1)动词-ing形式作真正的主语，常见于下列句式： It is worthwhile doing ...做……是值得的。 It is useless doing ...做……没有用。 It is a waste of time doing ...做……是浪费时间的。 It is no good/use doing ...做……是没好处/用的。 It is no fun doing ...做……没有乐趣。 (2)important，essential，necessary 等形容词后不能用动词-ing形式，而要用不定式作真正的主语。 It is important to learn a foreign language． 学一门外语是重要的。 (3)在句型“There is no ...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在。”时，需用动词-ing形式作主语。 There is no joking about such matters． 这种事情开不得玩笑。 二、动词-ing形式的复合结构(形容词性物主代词/名词所有格＋动词-ing形式)作主语 His coming made us very inspired． 他的到来让我们深受鼓舞。 Tom's being outspoken won the respect of his fellow workers． 汤姆的坦诚赢得了同事们的尊敬。 三、作主语的动词-ing形式和不定式在意义上的区别 1．动词-ing形式作主语通常表示抽象动作。 It's no use crying over split milk． 覆水难收。 2．不定式作主语通常表示具体的或一次性的动作。 To surround the enemy in such bad weather is not easy for them． 对他们来说，在这样恶劣的天气里包围敌人是不容易的。 (1)单句语法填空 ①_____ (use) the right hand to shake hands is a convention in many countries． ②—What do you think made Mary so upset —_____ (lose) her new bike． ③_____ (award) a Nobel Prize is a great honour． ④It is no use _____ (complain) without taking any action． ⑤_____ (plan) so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will have changed by next year． ⑥_____ (remember) to switch off the electricity is important． (2)单句写作 ①在海边度假很有趣。 _____ at the beach． ②人类登陆月球是空间科学的转折点。 _____ is the turning point in space science． ③花太多时间聊天或玩网络游戏 ... ...