【学霸笔记】18　UNIT 3 Period 4　课时学案 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language) 讲义 人教版高中 选择性必修一（学生版+教师版）

Period 4　 单元语法讲练(Learning About Language) 动词-ing形式作主语 美文诵读 语法体悟 As is known to all，①travelling is of great beneficial to people and has many advantages． Firstly，②being exposed to different cultures can broaden our horizons．Secondly，③communicating with local people can enrich our knowledge when travelling．Thirdly，it is fun ④admiring breathtaking scenery and ⑤watching fantastic performances in some theme parks．Surely，⑥not enjoying delicious local food is regretful when having a trip．Last but not least，travelling can reduce our stress and make us relaxed．Never think it is a waste of time and money ⑦travelling around． ①是动词-ing形式作主语，谓语动词用单数； ②是动词-ing形式作主语，being exposed to是动词-ing形式的被动语态； ③是动词-ing形式作主语； ④⑤是动词-ing形式作主语，it is fun doing sth．“做某事是有趣的”，it作形式主语； ⑥是动词-ing形式的否定形式，在句中作主语； ⑦是动词-ing形式作主语，it is a waste of...doing“做某事浪费……”，it代替动词-ing形式作主语。 一、动词-ing形式的时态、语态 1．动词-ing形式通常有以下几种变化形式(以do为例) 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 2．动词-ing形式的时态 (1)动词-ing形式的一般式多用于表示一般情况，表示的动作与谓语动词所表示的动作几乎同时发生或发生在谓语动词之后。 I enjoy listening to classical music． 我喜欢听古典音乐。(一般情况) She imagined finding a wallet on the sidewalk． 她想象着自己在人行道上发现了一个钱包。(同时发生) He suggested studying science． 他建议学习科学。(稍后发生) (2)动词-ing形式的完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 He was praised for having done a good deed． 他因为做了件好事而受到表扬。 3．动词-ing形式的语态 动词-ing形式的主动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的执行者，动词-ing形式的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是动作的承受者。 He insisted on sending her to hospital． 他坚持要把她送到医院去。(主语是动作的执行者) Sorry，I didn't mean to lose my temper．I just can't stand being misunderstood． 对不起，我并不是存心要发脾气。我只是受不了被误解。(主语是动作的承受者) 单句语法填空/单句写作 ①_____ (invite) to the party was a great honour to the family． ②Tired as he was，he insisted on _____(finish) the work． ③On the way to school，I enjoy _____(discuss) problems with my classmates． ④受到惩罚使这个学生对学习失去了兴趣。 _____ made the student lose interest in his studies． ⑤他早上起晚了，导致他上课迟到了。 _____ made him late for class． 二、动词-ing形式作主语 1．动词-ing形式作主语的基本用法 动词-ing形式作主语时，多表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词多用单数形式。 Setting your watch five minutes ahead is an effective way to avoid being late． 把你的表调快5分钟是避免迟到的有效方法。 Learning is like rowing upstream，not to advance is to drop back． 学习如逆水行舟，不进则退。 [名师点津]　意义不同的两个动词-ing形式并列作主语时，谓语动词要用复数形式。 Listening to English songs and watching English films are good ways to learn English． 听英文歌曲和看英文电影是学英语的好方法。 2．it代替动词-ing形式作主语 It is no ... ...