句子成分 导学案 2025-2026学年初高中英语衔接复习专项（含答案）

初高中衔接系列之一 句子成分 句子成分的定义。_____。根据它们在句子中的不同作用分为_____。 主语(subject)：_____ 主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等来充当。 1.Knowledge is power.（ ） 2.Who is speaking, please 请问你是哪位？（ ） 3.Two will be enough..（ ） 4.To see is to belive.（ ）眼见为实 5.Singing is one of my interests.（ ） 6.The rich should help the poor.（ ） 7.What he said hurt me.（ ） （三）谓语(predicate)：_____。_____在句中作谓语，一般放在_____之后。无论这个动词是何种时态、语态、和语气，它都是谓语。 画出下列句子的谓语： 1.They arrived yesterday 2.Thousands of trees are planted every year. 3.They are swimming in the river. （四）表语(predicative)：_____，（如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等）之后。表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。 1.He is an actor.（ ） 2.Oh ,that’s nothing.（ ） 3.She looked nervous.（ ） 4.She ‘s now twenty –two.（ ） 5.His job is to teach English.（ ） 6.His hobby（爱好）is playing basketball.（ ） 7.They are at work now.（ ） 8.The game is over.（ ） 9.This is where our basic interest lies.（ ） （五）宾语(object)：①_____动宾，一般位于_____和_____后面。宾语一般由名词、代词、数词、名词化形容词、不定式、动名词、及宾语从句表示 1.May I have your attention please.（ ） 2.Do your want anything to drink .（ ） 3.I need two. （ ） 4.Take the injured to hospital immediately. （ ） 5.Hope to see you soon. （ ） 6She enjoyed being praised. （ ） 7.Did you write down what he said （ ） ②介词后的名词、代词和动名词--介宾 Are you afraid of the snake （ ） Under the snow, there are many rocks.（ ） ③双宾语 _____ He gave me a book yesterday.（ ） Give the poor man some money.（ ） （六）宾语补足语（complement）：_____,带有宾语补足语的一般句型为：某些及物动词（如make等+宾语+宾补）。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。例如： 1.We must keep it a secret.（ ） 2We must keep the room clean. （ ） 3.She turned the light on. （ ） 4.Tell him to be more careful. （ ） 5.We saw the boy playing basketball in the garden. （ ） 6.We found everything in the room in good order. （ ） 7.We will soon make our city what your city is now. （ ） 主补：对主语的补充。 He was elected monitor.（ ） She was found singing in the next room.（ ） He was advised to teach the lazy boy a lesson.（ ） （七）定语（attributive）：_____。定语可由形容词、分词、名词、代词、不定式、动名词等成分表示： 1.She is a beautiful girl. （ ） 2.Complete the following sentences. （ ） 3.cat food pocket money can opener（ ） 4.This could change our lives. （ ） 5.I want to get something to read（ ） 6.The teaching plan for next term has been worked out. （ ） 7.He is reading an article about how to learn English. （ ） （八）状语（adverbial）：_____.可由副词及副词词组、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语、状语从句等形式表示： 1.Light travels most quickly. （ ） 2.He has lived in the city for ten years. （ ） 3.He is proud to have passed the national college entrance ... ...