(
课件网) Unit 6 Wisdom counts 主题范畴： 人与社会 主题群： 历史、社会与文化 子主题： 中外文学史上有代表性的作家和作品 Key question What can we learn from ancient stories know some grammar rules of the present perfect tense. distinguish the differences between the present perfect tense and the simple past tense. tell or create stories in correct tenses. Learning objectives 学习目标 After learning, I will be able to: They’ve gone and we’ve won. I have finished my job. She has not gone. — Have they won — Yes, they have. — No, they have not / haven’t. They’ve left their horse. Lead-in Sweep the floor. Make the bed. Wash the dishes. Hang up the clothes. Fix the chair. Empty the rubbish bin. Paint the wall. Mend the hole in the carpet. And get rid of those rats! At once, sir! This is a soldier’s room. It is in a mess. The captain is giving him the order to clean it. The soldier has swept the floor. He has not made the bed. He has washed the dishes. He has not painted the wall. True or false Now look at the pictures below and decide whether the following statements are T (True) or F (False). T F T T before after The present perfect and the simple past We can use both the present perfect and the simple past to talk about a past experience. 现在完成时和一般过去时都可以用于谈论过去的经历。 Grammar While-learning Read the dialogue between the captain and the soldier from the story of the Trojan Horse. Pay attention to the tenses of the verbs in bold. We use the present perfect to talk about past events with a connection to the present. We use the simple past to talk about a completed action in the past. Let’s sum up the rules! P89 现在完成时用来谈论与现在有联系的过去的事件。 一般过去时用来谈论过去已完成的动作。 辨析：现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 Look at these sentences. 1. I have studied History for two years. I had a History lesson yesterday. 2. I have learned a lot about Greek history. I read the story of the Trojan War last week. 两年前开始，现在仍在学。 昨天上的课，上课行为已经结束。 学习的行为可能结束可能继续，但现在掌握了知识。 上周的阅读行为，未涉及对现在的影响与关联。 ① I have already tested the program. 我已经测试了这个程序。 ② I have never danced in my life. 我有生以来从没跳过舞。 ③ I have received twenty three letters. 我已经收到23封信了。 现在完成时 该时态可以用来： 表示动作已经完成并对现在有一定影响； 表示某一行为或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在； 表示到目前为止量的积累。 一般过去时 ① They had a good time yesterday. 他们昨天玩得很开心。 ② When I was a child, I often listened to music. 当我还是个孩子的时候，我经常听音乐。 该时态可以用来： 表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 Attention 现在完成时和一般过去时用法比较： 如果同时考虑过去和现在，就用现在完成时； 如果不考虑现在，就不用现在完成时。如： ① She has just had her lunch. ② She had her lunch two hours ago. 她刚吃过午饭。(表示她现在不饿。) 她两小时前吃过午饭。(仅说明事实，不知道她现在饿不饿。 ... ...
