
2026年高考英语长难句训练第五天 原句一:A survey carried out by a youth research center indicates that teenagers who spend more time communicating with their families are less likely to experience emotional distress than those who often isolate themselves from others. 一、填空题 1. 主干成分填空 主句主语:_____ _ 主句谓语:_____ 宾语从句引导词:_____ 2. 从句成分填空 第一个定语从句引导词: ,修饰先行词 第二个定语从句引导词: ,修饰先行词 过去分词短语作定语: ,修饰先行词 3. 结构关系填空 “carried out by a youth research center” 在句中作_____(成分) “who spend more time communicating with their families” 在句中作_____(从句类型) “less likely to experience emotional distress” 在句中作_____(成分) 填空答案与解析 1. 主干成分填空答案 主句主语:A survey 主句谓语:indicates 宾语从句引导词:that 解析: 主句为 “A survey...indicates that...”,是 “主谓宾” 结构。“A survey”(一项调查)是核心描述对象,作主语;“indicates”(表明 / 显示)是谓语动词,体现调查的结论;“that” 引导宾语从句,说明调查揭示的具体内容。主句核心翻译为:“一项调查表明……”。 2. 从句成分填空答案 第一个定语从句引导词:who,修饰先行词 teenagers 第二个定语从句引导词:who,修饰先行词 those 过去分词短语作定语:carried out by a youth research center,修饰先行词 A survey 解析: 第一个定语从句 “who spend more time communicating with their families” 修饰 “teenagers”(青少年),“who” 指代 “teenagers”,“spend time communicating with” 译为 “花时间与…… 交流”,“their families” 译为 “家人”。该从句翻译为:“花更多时间与家人交流的”。 第二个定语从句 “who often isolate themselves from others” 修饰 “those”(指代青少年),“who” 指代 “those”,“isolate themselves from others” 译为 “与他人隔绝的”。该从句翻译为:“经常与他人隔绝的(青少年)”。 过去分词短语 “carried out by a youth research center” 修饰 “survey”,“carried out” 表被动,译为 “由青少年研究中心开展的”,说明调查的实施主体。 3. 结构关系填空答案 “carried out by a youth research center” 在句中作定语 “who spend more time communicating with their families” 在句中作限制性定语从句 “less likely to experience emotional distress” 在句中作表语 解析: 过去分词短语 “carried out by...” 修饰名词 “survey”,限定调查的开展机构,作定语,相当于定语从句 “which was carried out by...”。 该定语从句通过 “who” 明确限定 “teenagers” 的特征(与家人多交流的青少年),是句子核心对比对象之一,属于限制性定语从句,去掉后会导致指代模糊。 在宾语从句中,“are less likely to...” 是系表结构,“less likely to experience emotional distress” 作表语,说明青少年的状态(更少可能经历情绪困扰)。 逐层翻译与完整结果 1. 主句与修饰成分翻译 “A survey carried out by a youth research center indicates that...” → “由青少年研究中心开展的一项调查表明……” 2. 宾语从句核心翻译 “teenagers...are less likely to experience emotional distress” → “青少年更少可能经历情绪困扰” 3. 第一个定语从句融入翻译 “teenagers who spend more time communicating with their families” → “花更多时间与家人交流的青少年” 4. 比较结构翻译 “than those who ofte ... ...
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