ID: 23946653

2026年中考英语基础知识梳理:定语从句(含答案)

日期:2025-11-04 科目:英语 类型:初中学案 查看:13次 大小:14897B 来源:二一课件通
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2026年,中考,英语,基础知识,梳理,定语
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2026年中考英语基础知识梳理:定语从句 一、定义及结构 定语从句为修饰名词或代词的从句,起形容词作用(又名形容词性从句)。 结构:(先行词 + 关系词)+ 从句。 先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词 / 代词。 关系词:连接主句与从句,且在从句中充当成分;分为关系代词和关系副词。 二、例句 1. He is the boy who helped me yesterday. 2. Guangzhou is the city where I was born. 3. I want to find something that is really meaningful. 三、关系代词(指物 / 人,在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等) (一)指物:which 与 that 的通用与特用 通常可互换,但以下情况多用 which,少用 that;部分情况只用 that: 先行词为 all, much, little, none, few, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。 例:This is the house which we bought last month.(此句中 which 可换 that;若先行词为不定代词,如 all that... 则用 that)。 先行词被 all, every, no, some, any, little, much 等修饰时。 先行词被序数词 / 最高级修饰时(强调 “第几 / 最…… 的”)。 (二)指人:who/whom who:指人,在从句中作主语 / 宾语。 whom:指人,在从句中作宾语,口语中常用 who 代 whom。 例: Do you know the man who is talking with your teacher (who 作主语) Do you know the boy (whom/who/that) your mother is talking with (whom 作宾语,可换 who/that)。 (三)whose:指人 / 物,在从句中作定语(表 “…… 的”) 例:The book whose cover is blue is wonderful. (四)as 引导的定语从句 常用于 such...as, the same...as 等结构,as 在从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。 例:She is not such a careless student as she used to be. (五)“介词 + 关系代词” 结构 “介词 + which/whom” 中,介词后指物用 which,指人用 whom。 例: One of the students with whom I went to the zoo is from Yichun. I live in a room whose window faces north.(也可换为 of which the window 或 the window of which)。 四、关系副词(在从句中作时间、地点、原因状语) (一)when:表 “…… 的时候”,在从句中作时间状语。 例:This is the day when we first came to Guangzhou. (二)where:表 “…… 的地方”,在从句中作地点状语。 例:Guangzhou is the city where I was born. (三)why:表 “…… 的原因”,在从句中作原因状语。 例:That is the reason why they went there. (四)使用提醒 先行词为 “时间 / 地点 / 原因”,但关系词不缺主语、宾语时,用 when/where/why;若缺主语、宾语,用 which/that。 例: I still remember the day on which I first came to Guangzhou.(= when,作时间状语)。 This is the book in which I am interested.(= that/which,interested 缺宾语)。 五、that, which, who, whose 注意点 (一)只用 that,不用 which/who 的情况(部分) 先行词为 all, much, little 等不定代词时。 先行词被 all, every, no 等修饰时。 先行词被序数词 / 最高级修饰时。 (二)只用 which, who,不用 that 的情况 引导非限制性定语从句时(从句与主句用逗号隔开,表补充说明)。 例:The boy is very tall, which we can see.;She is the only one of the girls who wants to read. 先行词为 that, those 时。 例:What's that which is under the desk 先行词被非限制性定语从句修饰时。 例:This is the very book (that) I want to read. (三)只用 who, whom,不用 that 的情况 先行词为 one, ones, anyone, those 等指人的词时。 例:Is there anyone who ... ...

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