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课件网) 外研版 八年级上册 Unit 2 Getting along Understanding idea (Grammar) Revision 1. 树木们开心得浑身都开满了花。 And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. 2. 孩子们看起来很害怕。 The children look afraid. grade 年级 article (报刊的) 文章 priceless 极其贵重的；无价的 offer 提供，给予 plan 计划 quite 很；较为 stressed 焦虑的，紧张的，无法放松的 recently 最近，近来， 不久前 online 从网上，在网上 allow 使有可能；允许，容许，准许 (a) The Giant has been away for a long time. (b) Since then, he hasn't seen a child there. Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. 语法总结： For + 时间段: 强调动作持续了多久 Since + 时间点: 强调动作从何时开始 Now find more sentences with these structures in the reading passage. (1) “I can not understand why spring has not come since last year, ” says the Giant. (2) I have’t heard that beautiful birdsong for a while. Watch the video 1. We have been friends Grade 3. 2. They have been together three years. 3. last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments. Complete the sentences with for or since. since for Since for 接时间段，计量很直观， since连时间点，强调起始点， 动作持续要用for，开始至今选since. 现在完成时Ⅱ 用法： 现在完成时表示从过去某时开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。 表示一段时间的状语，如“for+时间段”“since+时间点”“over the past/last+时间段”等。 注意：在对现在完成时的时间状语从句提问式，我们常用how long。 It has been ten years since we met last time. 自从我们上次见面以来已经 10年了。 Mr Green has lived in Shanghai since 1999. 格林先生自从 1999年以来就住在上海。 I have taught English since twelve years ago. =I have taught English for twelve years. 我自从 12年前就教英语。 延续性动词 表示的是能够延续的动作，这种动作可以延续下去或产生持久的影响如:work, keep,walk, wait, live ,stay,know等 可以与表示时间段的状语连用，如: for+时间段, since+时间点/从句等 非延续性动词 表示的动作不能延续，即动作发生后立即结束或产生某种结果。如:open，borrow, come , g0 ,finish, close , buy 等 非延续性动词在肯定句中与表示时间点的状语连用， 如: three months ago , at 4 o'clock 延续性动词与非延续性动词 延续性动词与非延续性动词 ①非延续性动词转化为延续性动词， 如: buy →have , borrow→keep。 My father bought the car three years ago. →My father has had the car for three years. 我父亲买这辆小汽车3年了。 延续性动词与非延续性动词 ②非延续性动词转化为“be+形容词/副词”,如: leave →be away (from), open → be open, close →be closed , die → be dead begin/start →be on, finish/end →be over marry→be married He left his hometown last year. → He has been away from his hometown since last year. 他去年离开了家乡。 The cat died a week ago. → The cat has been dead for a week. 这只猫死了一个星期了。 ③ 非延续性动词转化为“be+介词(短语)”或“be+名词”,如: come/go/join/arrive →be in/at join the army→be a soldier Jim came to China ten years ago. →Jim has been in China for ten years. 吉姆来中国 10年了 ... ...
