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课件网) Learning about language Discover useful structure Unit 1 Science Fiction To review the passive voice Presentation The introduction of the passive voice: 语态用来表示主语与谓语之间的关系 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 什么时候常用被动语态 不知道动作的执行者 强调动作的承受者 没必要指出动作的执行者 Presentation Scan the reading text and underline all the verbs in the passive voice. Then discuss with a partner why the passive voice is used. It was going to be tested out by Larry’s wife, Claire. (para 1) … but Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn’t harm her or allow her to be harmed. (para 2) Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing. (para 3) … she was being offered sympathy by a robot, … (para 4) As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, … (para 6) So she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly. (para 6) How awful to be discovered by her, Claire thought. (para 6) … , which was being completely transformed, would be ready. (para 7) Presentation The basic composition of the passive voice 一般时 进行时 完成时 现在时 过去时 将来时 am / is / are done am / is / are being done was / were done shall / will be done was / were being done had been done shall / will have been done has / have been done Presentation Review of the passive voice 特殊结构的被动形式 (1) 双宾动词的被动结构 例：He gave her some money. She was given some money. Some money was given to her. 带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加 to 或 for。 Presentation Review of the passive voice (2) 带复合宾语的动词的被动结构 例：His father called him Jack. He was called Jack by his father. 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。 Presentation Review of the passive voice (3)“it + be + 过去分词 + 从句”式的被动结构 常见的结构有： It is known that ... It is suggested that ... It is believed that ... It is reported that ... It is said that ... It is hoped that ... Presentation Review of the passive voice (4)主动形式表被动意义 ① 有些不及物动词主动形式可表被动意义 a. 某些连系动词，如 feel, look, prove, smell, sound, taste 等。 例：It can’t move. The door won’t shut. b. 某些与 can’t, won’t 等连用的不及物动词，如 move, lock, shut, open 等。 例：My new pen writes well. The cloth doesn’t wash easily. c. 某些可与 well, easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如 read, write, wash 等。 例：The food tasted better than it looked. Presentation Review of the passive voice ② 非谓语动词的某些主动形式表示被动意义 例：The question is difficult to answer. Volleyball is very interesting to watch. 在“be + 形容词+ 不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。 常见形容词有：cheap, easy, comfortable, difficult, hard, light, heavy, expensive, pleasant, interesting, fit 等 Pres ... ...
