2026年译林版中考英语 宾语从句语法 学案

宾语从句 定义：在复合句中，起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句。 We all know（that）the sun rises in the east. I don’t know if / whether my father will come back tomorrow. Tom can’t decide which car he should buy. 宾语从句三要素 一、连接词 1. 由陈述句转换而来，用_____连接，只起连接作用，其本身没有意义，在 口语中常可省略： I’m afraid（that）he won’t come on time. 2. 由一般疑问句转换而来，用_____/_____连接，意为“_____”： I wonder if/whether he will come. 只用 whether 不用 if 的情况： ①引导_____后的宾语从句时 I’m interested in whether he joins the army. ②与_____连用时 I don’t know whether he will come or not. ③与_____连用时 I really don't know whether to accept or refuse. ④在动词_____后面的宾语从句中 Let’s discuss whether we shall go by air. ⑤宾语从句_____时，只能用 whether Whether this is true or not,I can’t say. ⑥引导位于句首的_____或_____用 whether Whether I believe you or not is irrelevant now. 1 3.由特殊疑问句转换而来，用_____/_____连接： 疑问代词 who/whom，which，what，whose； 疑问副词 when，where，why，how。 (1) I know_____is crying over there． (2) Do you know _____ they are Can you tell me_____he is talking with (3) Please tell me _____bus I should take． (4)I don’t know _____ I should do. (5)Do you know _____he will go (6) Can you tell me _____he will go (7) I don’t know _____I should deal with it. 二、语序 宾语从句必须用_____语序；即_____+_____的语序 三、时态 1. 当主句的谓语动词时是过去的时态，其宾语从句的时态也要用相应的过去时态。 The policewoman asked the little boy where he_____.(live) He said (that)he _____(take) care of the baby. 2. 当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时或祈使句时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适 当的时态。 Please tell me whom you_____(go) to the garden with this morning. 3. 当宾语从句表达客观事实或规律时，其时态应用一般现在时。 The teacher said that the earth_____(go) round the sun. Everyone knew that there _____(be) sixty minutes in an hour. it 作形式宾语【难点】 2 动词 find, consider, regard, feel, make 后通常+it+形容词/名词+to do/that 从句 其中，it 作形式宾语，真正的宾语是 to do/that 从句 I consider it important to always be kind and respectful to others. We regard it significant to give back to our community. She has made it clear that she won’t change her mind. 直接引语和间接引语 1. 直接引语的定义: 直接引用别人的原话，被引用的部分叫直接引语。被引用的原话要放在引号 内，不做任何改动。 “I’m so tired,” she said. 2. 间接引语的定义: 转述别人的话，也就是我们所说的宾语从句。间接引语不能用引号。 The turtle says that he is faster than the rabbit. 3. 直接引语转间接引语★ a. 人称变化：一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新 ①“一随主”：直接引语中有第一人称或被第一人称修饰，变成间接引语时， 要与主句中主语的人称保持一致。 Mr. Smith said, “ I’m from England.” →Mr. Smith said he was from England. ②“二随宾”：直接引语中有第二人称或被第二人称修饰，变成间接引语时， 要与主句中宾语的人称保持一致。 Mum said to me, “You can do it yourself.” →Mum told me that I could do it myself. ③“第三人称不更新”：如果直接引语中有第三人称，变成 ... ...