外研版中考英语总复习（中册）第三篇 语法考点焦聚 专题13 主谓一致

专题13 主谓一致 英语句子中的谓语动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致, 即：主语是单数形式, 谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式, 谓语动词也用复数形式。而在实际使用中, 又有一些具体情况, 概括起来, 主谓一致要遵循以下三个原则, 即：语法一致, 概念一致, 就近原则。主谓一致是中考常考内容, “就近原则”在中考试题中出现几率较高。 考点一 语法一致 1. 如果主语是第三人称单数形式, 谓语动词也要用第三人称单数形式。如： My parents are teachers. 我父母是教师。 Every student has an English-Chinese dictionary. 每个学生都有一本英汉词典。 2. each, either, neither, one, no one, nobody, nothing, anything, anybody, everybody, everything等不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如： Each of them has been to Beijing. 他们每个人都曾去过北京。 Neither of them likes the film. 他们俩人谁也不喜欢那部电影。 3. 主语的数不受其后修饰它的短语的影响, 如：with…, along with…, together with…, but(介词)…, except…. , besides…, like(介词)…, rather than…(而不是)等短语。如： Tom, together with h is parents has visited the Great Wall. 汤姆和他父母一起参观过长城。 Nobody but two girls was in the reading-room. 除了两个女孩外, 阅览室里没有人。 【链接中考】 (河北省卷) Everyone _____ I come from Sichuan. Actually, I come from Shandong. A. find B. think C. finds D. thinks 【答案】D （北京市） The reading room _____ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there. A. am B. is C. are D. be 【答案】B （青海省, 宁夏） —Have you got some water to drink —Here you are. There _____ still some in the bottle. A. are B. has C. is D. have 【答案】C 考点二 概念一致 1. 如果主语看似复数形式, 但它表示的是 单数意义时, 如：news, works, maths, physics, politics, means, the United States, The Arabian Nights, two years (pounds, kilometers) 等, 谓语动词一般用第三人称单数形式。如： No news is good news. 没有消息就是好消息。 Politics is much more difficult than physics. 政治比物理更难。 The teacher and writer has come back. 那位教师兼作家已经回来了。 2. what, who, which, all, any, none, more, most 等代词用作主语时, 谓语动词是用单数形式, 还是用复数形式要根据具体情况来确定。如： What you said is very important. 你所说的话很重要。 Which are their chairs 哪些是他们的椅子？ 3. 表示抽象概念的动词不定式（短语）、动名词（短语）或名词性从句作主语时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如： To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 Eating too much is gad for your health. 吃得太多有害健康。 4. people, family, class, police, rest, army, team, party, crowd, group 等集体名词作主语时, 如果把它们作为一个整体看待时, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式；如果按其组成成员看待时, 谓语动词用复数形式。如： Her family is a large one. 她的家是个大家庭。 Her family are interested in football. 她家里的人都对足球感兴趣。 5. 由“分数＋of＋名词 ”或“百分数＋of名词”构成的短语作主语时, 如果of后面的名词是复数形式, 谓语动词用复数形式；如果of后面的名词为不可数名词或可数名词的单数形式, 那么谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。如： Two thirds of the building is large enough for us. 楼房的三分之三对我们来说就足够了。 Sixty-five per cent of the books have been written in English. 百分之六 ... ...