牛津译林版九年级上册 Unit 1 Know yourself 单元知识过关第3讲 语法精讲精炼（含答案）

9A第一单元知识过关第3讲--语法精讲精炼 （一）并列连词及并列结构 1. 四大并列结构对比 结构 中文含义 主谓一致规则 用法注意事项 单元例句 both...and... 两者都…… 连接主语时，谓语动词用复数 表肯定并列，不可用于否定句 Both Billy and I are free now.Both Tom and his sister like learning about traditional festivals. not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则”（随后面的主语变化） 表递进关系，可连接主语、宾语、表语或谓语 Not only my parents but also I am interested in hiking.Lucy is good at not only singing but also dancing. neither...nor... 既不…… 也不…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则” 表否定并列，完全否定两者 Neither you nor he was chosen as our monitor.Neither Eric nor I have seen the film. either...or... 要么…… 要么…… 连接主语时，谓语动词 “就近原则” 表选择关系，选择两者之一 Either you or he is going with me.Either you or your friend can read the only book. 2. 关键提示 “就近原则”：指谓语动词的人称和数由 “but also/neither/or” 后的主语决定，如 “Not only he but also they are late”（谓语随 “they” 用复数）。 否定句中，“both...and...” 需改为 “neither...nor...”，不可说 “both...not...”（如不可说 “Both you and I are not late”，应说 “Neither you nor I am late”）。 （二）宾语从句 1. 核心结构 连接词 + 主语 + 谓语（必须用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序） 连接词 适用场景 用法提示 单元例句 that 陈述事实（如观点、消息） that 可省略 I think (that) Tom is suitable for the student union president.She said (that) helping others makes her happy. how long 询问 “时长” 后接 “主语 + 谓语”，不可说 “how long does it take” —Could you tell me how long it takes you to walk to school —About ten minutes. when/where 询问 “时间 / 地点” 同样遵循陈述语序 Do you know when we will have our next English test He asked where the new library would open. what 询问 “事物” 连接词在从句中可作主语或宾语 She doesn’t know what she should buy for her mom. 3. 关键提示 宾语从句的时态需呼应主句：若主句为过去时（如 said, asked），从句需用过去相关时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时）；若主句为现在时（如 think, know），从句时态随实际情况而定。 不可出现 “连接词 + 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语” 的疑问语序，如错误：“Could you tell me how far is it ”，正确：“Could you tell me how far it is ”。 （三）It 常用句型 1. 三大核心句型 句型结构 中文含义 用法解析 单元例句 It’s + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是…… 的 It 为形式主语，真正主语是后面的 “to do sth.”，避免句子头重脚轻 It’s necessary to pay attention to every detail.It’s helpful to keep a diary to improve writing skills. It is said that + 陈述句 据说…… 固定句式，that 从句是真正主语，It 仅作形式主语 It is said that some people have realized their goals.It is said that the new park will open next month. It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 某人做某事花费…… 时间 sb. 为人称代词宾格或名词，时间可具体（two hours）或模糊（a long time） It took us about two hours to get to the village.It takes me 30 minutes to finish homework every evening. 2. 关键提示 It’s + adj. + to do sth. 中，adj. 需能修饰 “做某事” 的 ... ...