(
课件网) The passive voice 被动语态 Step1 : 英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态（the active voice） 被动语态（ the passive voice） 主动语态： 表示主语是动作的执行者 We planted the trees. 主谓关系 被动语态： 表示主语是动作的承受者 The trees were planted by us. 动宾关系 主动语态变为被动语态“主语+谓语+宾语”句型变为被动语态be done 负责时态变化，相当于助V. 体现被动，过去分词恒定不变 Step2 : 不同时态的被动语态 1.一般现在时： Football is played in most countries in the world. 2. 一般过去时： The fish was caught by Mr. Green. 3. 一般将来时： Will the house be built next year am/is/are +过去分词 was/were+过去分词 will/shall be +过去分词 4. 过去将来时： He knew he would be punished for drunk driving. 5. 现在进行时： Another bridge is being built over the river. 6. 过去进行时： This road was being built this time last year. would/should be +过去分词 am/is/are being +过去分词 was/were being +过去分词 7.现在完成时： No agreement has been reached so far by the two sides. 8.过去完成时： When we got to the cinema, all the tickets had been sold out. have/has been +过去分词 had been +过去分词 1. 情态动词的被动语态由“情态动词 + be + 过去分词”构成。 1.The poem can be seen in many places. 2. Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown here. Step3 : 其他形式的被动语态 2. 短语动词的被动语态 有不少短语动词相当于及物动词，可以有被动语态。含有短语动词的主动句变为被动句时，其中的介词或副词不可漏掉。 1. I was brought up in a small village. 2. His new theory was laughed at by many scientists at that time. Step4 : 四步法 My grandmother plants many flowers every year. Many flowers __ __ __ my grandmother every year. 一般现在时 are planted by Step.1 Step.2 Step.3 Step.4 一找_____ 二定_____ 三变_____ 四别忘_____ 谓语(注意单复数） 时态（时状/其他谓语/句意） be+done(动词的过去分词一定要写对） by 表示:被... 主动变被动的基本句型 1.“主语+谓语+宾语” Bob cheated me. I was cheated by Bob. Tip: 不强调动作的执行者或无法说明动作的执行者时，by短语不必用。 Exercise: 1) Most people enjoy the special effects in a movie. _____ The special effects in a movie are enjoyed by most people. was cheated 2.“主语+谓语+双宾语” She gave me a flower. I was given a flower (by her). A flower was given to me (by her). Tip: 若将直接宾语(指物)变为被动语态的主语,须 在间接宾语(指人)之前加上to或for。 常见用to的动词 give, tell, lend, pass, send, show, hand bring, return … 常见用for的动词 buy, get, find, sing , cook, choose, make, fetch … She gave a flower to me. was given was given was given This room （belong to）me. When will the sports meeting （ take place） 1. 不及物动词, 不及物动词短语没有被动语态。常见的有：appear, disappear, break out, come true, run out, date back, happen, go on, take place, belong to,等。 belongs to take place 特殊情况： “get+done”构成被动语态 用来表示状态或情况, 常考的形式如： get married 结婚 get engaged 订婚 get hurt/wounded 受伤 get lost 迷路 get drunk 喝醉了 get caught/stuck/trapped 被困 get dressed 穿好衣服 get run over 被(车)轧 特 ... ...
