2026年中考英语语法核心点详解part 5 时态一致及叙述法

初中英语语法核心点详解 part 5 时态一致及叙述法 1. 时态一致 主要子句的动词是 现在式( 包括一般现在,现在完成式,一般将来式 ) ,从属子句的动词随句意可以是任何事态 。 例如1. My sister knows (that) I love the girl. 例如2. My sister knows (that) I loved the girl. 例如3. My sister knows (that) I will fall in love with the girl. 姐姐现在可以回忆过去 ,叙述现在 ,展望未来。 主要子句的动词是 过去式( 包含过去完成式,过去进行式或过去时间上所提的未来 ) ,从属子句的动词必须是 与过去时态有关 且符合句意 例如1. My sister knew (that) I loved the girl. 例如2. My sister knew (that) I had loved the girl. 过去的过去→过去完成 例如3. My sister knew (that) I wound fall in love with the girl. 那时候的姐姐知道我那是爱那个女孩。 知道我那时候的以前爱过那个女孩。 知道那时候以后我会爱那个女孩。 例句 主要子句的动词是 过去完成式 ,从属子句的动词必须是 与过去完成时态有关 且符合句意 时态一致的例外 不变的真理→现在式 例如1. The child learned (that) the earth goes round the sun. 例如2. The teacher told us (that) practice makes perfect. 到现在都 没改变 的 习惯或事实 →现在式 例如1. She often told me (that) she keeps early hours. 她经常告诉我她有早睡早起的习惯。 例如2. She told me (that) school begins at eight. 她告诉我学校8点上课。 历史的事实→过去式 例如1. The teacher said (that) Columbus discovered America in 1492. 例如2. He said (that) World WarⅡ ended in 1945. 假设语气→不受时态一致的限制 例如1.他说如果他是一只鸟，他就能飞。 He says (that) if he were a bird he could fly. He said (that) if he were a bird he could fly. 例如2. He speaks English as if he were a native speaker. He spoke English as if he were a native speaker. 2. 叙述法 例如1. Bill says, “I hate math”. —直接叙述法 例如2. Bill says (that) he hates math. —间接叙述法 直接叙述法及间接叙述法的不同 时态的变化 例如1. May said, “I like listening to pop music.” → May said (that) she liked listening to pop music. 例如2. The student answered, “An hour consists of sixty minutes.” → The student answered (that) an hour consists of sixty minutes. 不变的事实 例如3. Helen answered, “The rain has stopped.” → Helen answered (that) the rain had stopped. 人称代名词的变化 例如1. She always says, “I don’t like my hairstyle.” She always says (that) she doesn’t like her hairstyle. 例如2. I said to her, “I’m sorry you don’t understand me.” I told her (that) I was sorry she didn’t understand me. 例如3. She said,＂I read this book.” She said (that) she had read that book. 时间,地点等的变化（直接叙述法→间接叙述法） now → then today → that day yesterday → the day before, the previous day last night → the night before, the previous night last year → the year before, the previous year tomorrow → the next day, the following day next week → the next week, the following week ... ago →... before here → there 注意：直接叙述句→间接叙述句 1.主词+say(said) to 人 → 主词+tell(told) 人 (that) 直述句 2.补充连接词(that) (可省) 3.代名词须改变, 如my→her 4.改为间接叙述句, 注意时态 5.副词随内容做改变, 如now → then 例如1. Mr. Wang said t ... ...