(
课件网) 外研版 八年级上册 Unit 1 This is me Understanding idea (Grammar) Revision 1. 在拥挤的公交车和火车上，那感觉就像一场灾难。 On crowded buses and trains, it felt just like a disaster. 2. 因此，我一直留着长发，直到那天 Therefore, I always kept my hair long to cover it until that day. perfect 完成时的 row 一排，一行，一列 The height of the building is very high. 这座建筑物的高度很高。 height 身高；高，高度 Think and share (a) I haven't told Maddie yet. . . (b) I have already learnt that I am what I am. Now find one more sentence with these structures in the reading passage. Read the sentences from the reading passage and summarise the grammar rules. 现在完成时 have/has+done Think and share 定义-1 定义1：从过去开始并延续到现在，可能还将延续下去 要点：过去开始+延续到现在 eg: a) Lily has studied in No. 1 Middle School since two years ago. b) They have lived in Changzhou for ten years. 该定义强调在“现在”这个时间点，动作是存在的。 动词在now这个点是存在的，可能到此结束，也可能继续下去 注意：若在now这个点动作不存在，则是一般过去时。 B A now Think and share 定义2：动作发生在过去并已结束，但对现在有影响或与某种联系。 要点：过去发生+对现在有影响/联系 eg：a) Who has cleaned the room. It’s clean and tidy. b) I won’t see the film with you. I have seen it. 该定义强调过去动作对现在的影响或联系；若不存在影响或联系，则是一般过去时。 定义-2 Think and share 定义3：在过去一段时间内，动作发生了多次。（包括零次never） 要点：次数 a) We have been to the UK three times. 我们去过英国三次。 b) How many times has Peter visited the Shanghai Museum over the past years 过去这些年，彼得去过多少次上海博物馆？ 定义-3 Think and share 现在完成时的构成 现在完成时谓语由“助动词have/has+动词的过去分词”构成。 1. 肯定式 结构：主语+have/has + 动词的过去分词(+其他). I/You have worked. 我/你工作了。 He/She/It has worked. 他/她工作了。/它奏效了。 We/You/They have worked. 我们/你们/他们工作了。 Think and share 现在完成时的构成 2. 否定式 结构：主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词(+其他). I /You have not worked. 我/你还没有工作。 He/She/It has not worked. 他/她还没有工作。 We/You/They have not worked. 我们/你们/他们还没有工作。 Think and share 现在完成时的构成 3. 疑问式 结构：Have/Has +主语+动词的过去分词(+其他) Have I/you worked 我/你工作了吗 Has he/she/it worked 他/她工作了吗 /它奏效了吗 Have we/you/they worked 我们/你们/他们工作了吗 Think and share 现在完成时的构成 4. 简略回答 结构：肯定回答:Yes，主语 + have/has. 否定回答:No，主语 + haven't/hasn't. Have we/you/they worked 我们/你们/他们工作了吗 肯定:Yes, you/we/they have. 是的,你们/我们/他们工作了。 否定: No, you/we/they haven't. 不，你们/我们/他们没有。 Think and share 动词的过去分词的构成原则 1. 规则动词的变化规则 （1）大部分动词在词尾直接加 -ed clean→cleaned 打扫 help → helped 帮助 play→ played 玩耍 （2）动词以不发音的字母e结尾时，直接加 -d like → liked 喜欢 live →lived 居住 love → loved 喜爱 （3）动词以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,变y为i再加 -ed try→ tried 尝试 study→studied ... ...
