(
课件网) 语态 语态是动词的一种形式，用来表明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。 Many people speak Chinese. 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者 谓语动词为主动语态的句子叫主动句 Chinese is spoken by many people. 被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者 谓语动词为被动语态的句子叫被动句。 同一件事情可以通过主动句或被动句来表达，但意思基本相同。一般说来，主动语态侧重于行为者，被动语态侧重于动作的对象或动作本身。 被…/ 由…/ 受…/ 给… 1.不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者 Rice is grown in the south of China. 2.需要强调或突出动作的承受者 Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 3.动作的发出者是物 Many houses were washed away in the flood. 使用被动语态的情况 结构 肯定句：主语+be+及物动词的过去分词+（by） My phone was made in China. 否定句：主语+be not+过去分词+（by） My phone wasn’t made in China. 一般疑问句：Be+主语+过去分词+（by）？ Was your phone made in China 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+be+主语+过去分词+（by） Where was your phone made 动词过去分词 构成规则 动词原形 动词过去式 一般在动词原形末尾加-ed look play work looked played worked 以-e结尾的动词，在末尾加-d like live liked lived 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写辅音字母，加-ed plan stop drop planned stopped dropped 以辅音字母＋y结尾，变“y”为“i”，加-ed study worry studied worried 规则变化（与动词过去式规则相同） (二)不规则变化 因词而异。但是如果对不规则动词的过去式和过去分词做一分析，就可发现其中的“规则”。在记忆时，可按下面的形式对教材后不规则动词表进行分析、整理。 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 beat beat beaten 打败 ABC 型 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 be was / were been 是，在… begin began begun 开始 blow blew blown 吹 break broke broken 破裂、折断 AAA型 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 砍、切、割 hit hit hit 打、撞 AAB型 ABA型 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 become became become 成为 come came come 来 ABB型 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 understand understood understood 理解、明白 bring brought brought 带来 build built built 建造 burn burned/burnt burned/burnt 燃烧 borrow _____ 2. hope _____ 3. make _____ 4. get _____ 9. say _____ 10. stick _____ 11. hit _____ 12. enjoy _____ 5. plan _____ 6. cry _____ 7. send _____ 8. watch _____ borrowed hoped made got planned cried sent watched said stuck hit enjoyed 巩固练习 Exercises 结构+时态 一般现在时：am / is / are +过去分词 You are wanted on the phone. 一般过去时：was / were +过去分词 China was liberated in 1949. 一般将来时：will / is(are) going to be +过去分词 The problem will be discussed tomorrow. 现在完成时：have / has been +过去分词 Not a book in the library has been taken away. 现在进行时：am / is / are being +过去分词 My bike is being repaired. 主动语态与被动语态的转换 He mended the bike yesterday. （主动） 主语 谓语 宾语 The bike was mended by him yesterday. （被动） 主语 谓语 宾语 一般情况，四步走 【一找、二换、三变、四加by】 主动语态与被动语态的转换 【一找、二换、三变、四加by】 ① 找出原句的主语、宾语。 ② 把主动语态的宾语 ... ...
