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课件网) Grammar and usage Unit 1 The mass media Past perfect tense 过去完成时 CONTENTS 定义 Definition 1 2 3 4 基本结构 Basic structure 基本用法 Basic usage 常用固定搭配 Sentence pattern ① She had learned some English before she came to the university. 她在进入大学前已学过一些英语。 ② He said that he had been abroad for 3 years. 他说他在国外待了3年了。 过去完成时表示在过去之前发生的事或完成的动作， 即过去的过去，通常与一般过去时连用。 定义 The Past Perfect Tense 基本结构：“had + 过去分词” 被动语态：“had been + 过去分词” 基本含义：过去完成时表示在过去之前发生的事或完成的动作，即“过去的过去”。 Past 过去 Future 将来 had done Summarize Present 现在 “过去的过去” 肯定式为_____； 否定式为_____； 被动式为_____。 ① She said she had never been to Paris. 她说她从未去过巴黎。 ② I didn’t know the way to John’s house because I hadn’t been there before. 我不知道去约翰家的路，因为我之前没去过。 ③ The work had been finished by us before last Friday. 我们在上星期五前就完成了这项工作。 had done had not done had been done 过去完成时的基本结构 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一个时间的动作， 常用的时间状语有by then(到那时), by the time(到...的时候), by the end of(到…结束时/为止) ① By the end of last term, we had learnt 2,000 English words. 到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了2,000个英语单词了。 ② They had lived there for ten years by then. 到那时为止，他们已经在那住了10年了。 表示愿望、打算等的动词，如hope, want, expect, think, mean, intend, plan等后接从句时，一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划。 ① I had intended to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend. 我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会议要参加。 ② I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I was not able to get away. 我原打算今年去度假，可是我走不开。 (1) It/That was+ the first/ second…+ time+ that从句，从句谓语常用过去完成时。 It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。 (2) It was+一段时间+since从句，从句谓语用过去完成时。 It was three years since he had joined the army. 他参军三年了。 过去完成时用于一些固定句型 (3) 在句型Hardly/Scarcely…when…和 No sooner…than…中，主句常用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，表示“一…就…”。 Hardly had he got into his big office when the telephone rang. No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again. 他一到就再次被要求离开。 他一进入他的大办公室,电话铃就响了。 Summary 总结 1. 定义:过去完成时表示在过去之前发生的事或完成的动作， 即过去的过去，通常与一般过去时连用。 2. 结构:肯定： 否定： 3. 用于过去完成时的时间状语: by then, by the end of, by the time等。 5. 常用固定句型 ① It/That was+ the first/ second…+ time+ that从句 ② It was+一段时间+since从句 ③ Hardly/Scarcely…when… ④ No sooner…than… had done / had been done had not done / had not been done Review 4. 表示愿望、打算等的动词，如hope, want等后接从句时, 表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划。 Practice A Fill in the blanks with proper and correct form ... ...
