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课件网) Unit 1 The Mass Media Grammar and usage Focus on 基本用法 Past perfect tense 过去完成时 过去完成时VS一般过去时 Future Now Past expected/happened was 现在 过去的过去 过去完成时VS一般过去时 时间抽 CONTENTS 定义 Definition 1 2 3 基本结构 Basic structure 基本用法 Basic usage ① She had learned English before she came to the school. 她在来学校前已学过英语。 ② He said that he had been abroad for 3 years. 他说他在国外待了3年了。 过去完成时主要用来表示在过去某一时间之前发生的动作或存在的状态，即过去的过去，通常与一般过去时连用。 定义 肯定式为_____； 否定式为_____； 被动式为_____。 had done had not done had been done 过去完成时的基本结构 过去完成时的基本用法 1. 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。 ① Before we got to the train station, the train had already left. 我们到达火车站之前，火车就已经离开了。 ② Before I could say “thank you”, he had run away. 我还没来得及说“谢谢”，他就跑开了。 2. 表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划，主要有want（想要）、hope（希望）、intend（打算）、expect（预料）等词。 ① I had intended to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend. 我本打算去机场接他，但是我有个重要的会议要参加。 ② I had hoped to take a vocation this year but I was not able to go. 我原打算今年去度假，可是我去不了。 3 在句型Hardly/Scarcely…when…和 No sooner…than…中，主句常用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时，表示“一……就……”。Hardly, Scarcely, No位于句首，句子要部分倒装。 ① Hardly had he got into his big office when the telephone rang. 他一进入他的大办公室,电话铃就响了。 ② No sooner had he got to the station than the bus arrived. 他一到车站，公交车就来了。 4. 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有by, when, for。 ① By the end of last term, we had learnt 2,000 English words. 到上学期期末为止，我们已经学习了2,000个英语单词了。 ② When the last term ended, we had learnt English for more than seven years. 到上学期期末为止，我们已经学了七年多英语了。 ◆ by + 过去时间， 主语+谓语（had+ done） ◆ by + 现在时间, 主语+谓语（have/has done） ◆ by + 将来时间， 主语+谓语（will have done） 1. By now, we _____(master) a significant number of new words. 2. By last week, we _____(finish) Book 4. 3. By 2027, we _____(graduate) from school. have mastered had finished will have graduated 4. 表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有by, when, for。 ① John (had) left before I came home. 约翰在我回家之前就走了。 ② He began to write a review after he (had) watched the film twice. 这部电影他看了两遍后就开始写评论。 5. 由于after和before本身就能明确地表示时间的先后关系，故有时主从句均使用一般过去时。如果时间状语由 before 引导，主句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时；如果时间状语由after 引导，after 引导的从句可用一般过去时代替过去完成时。 6. It/That was+ the first/ second…+ time+ that从句，从句谓语常用过去完成时。 It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall. 这是我第一次参观长城。 7. It was+一段 ... ...
