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课件网) 高考英语 重点语法思维导图 专题九 情态动词和虚拟语气 01 1.can/could 表能力, 意为“能；会”;表示推测, 意为“可能” 2.may/might 表示征求对方意见, 意为“可以”;表示推测, 意为“可能” 3.will表意愿和决心，可用于各种人称; 用于第二人称时，表示征求对方意见 4.shall用于第一、三人称时，表示征求对方意见;用于第一人称时，多表示主动提议 5.should表示推测，意为“应该”;表示意外、惊喜或不可思议，意为 “竟然” 6.must意为“必须”; have to意为“不得不”;mustn't意为“禁止”,don't have to 意为“不必” 7.need意为“需要”;needn't意为“不必”;needn't have done 意为“本来不必做却做了” I can work out the math problem. He may be telling a lie. Will/Would you say it again 情态动词基本用法 Shall I drive you to the airport I can't imagine a gentleman should be rude to a lady. I have to return home before 10:00 p.m. You needn't have taken so many clothes with you. if条件句中的虚拟语气 02 虚拟语气 时间 从句谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 现在 过去式（be动词用were） should/would/could/might+动词原形 过去 had+过去分词 should/would/could/might+have+过去分词 将来 should+动词原形过去式 were to+动词原形 should/would/could/might+动词原形 1.错综时间的虚拟语气 当从句和主句所表示的行为发生的时间不一致时，谓语动词的形式要根据它所在的时间作出相应的调整。 If you hadn't left home without a word, your parents wouldn't be so worried now. （从句与过去事实相反，主句与现在事实相反） 2.省略if的虚拟条件句要倒装 if虚拟条件句中出现were, had, should时，可省略if，把were, had, should提到句首，变为倒装句式。 Were she my daughter （=If she were my daughter）, I wouldn't allow her to study abroad. 02 虚拟语气 含蓄条件句不使用if 引导的条件句来明确表示条件，而是通过短语、单词及上下 文来暗示，常用的词语有without, but for, otherwise, or等，此时可以从意思上推断出虚拟语气的时间。 Without his wartime experiences（= If he hadn't had his wartime experiences）, Hemingway wouldn't have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms. Given more time （= If she had been given more time）, she would certainly have done much better. Being a doctor （= If I were a doctor）, I could cure many patients suffering from cancer. 02 虚拟语气 03 1.主语从句中的虚拟语气 在某些“It is/was+形容词/过去分词/名词+that”句型的主语从句中，主语从句要用虚拟语气，即“should+动词原形”，should有时可省略。 It is necessary that he （should） be sent there at once. 名词性从句中虚拟语气 注意：①用于本句型的常见形容词有necessary, important, right, surprising, vital, essential, urgent, natural, strange, desirable等。② 用于本句型的过去分词通常表示提 议、要求、命令、建议等，如suggested, decided, proposed, advised, recommended等。 ③ 用于本句型的常见名词（短语）有duty, pity, shame, regret, no surprise, no wonder 等。④ 本句型中的主语从句也可用陈述语气，如：It was important that he made a clear statement on this issue last week.。 03 2.宾语从句中的虚拟语气 （1）宾语从句在表示提议、要求、命令等动词后，其谓语动词用“should+动词原 形”表示虚拟，should可省略。常见的动词有insist, order, command, adv ... ...
