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课件网) Unit3 Fascinating Parks Discovering useful structures 动词-ing形式作主语 Discover useful structures Learning Objectives To master the basic grammar rules of V-ing form as the subject. (掌握V-ing形式做主语的基本语法规则。) To understand the grammar rule of “It” as formal subject. （理解It作形式主语的语法规则。） Identify the function of the -ing form in the sentence below. Then find more sentences with the –ing form from the reading passage and state their functions. Getting here is quite difficult. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive. 作主语 作主语 The -ing form: Get to know more about -ing form V-ing 形式 动名词 现在分词 时态 / 语态 主动 语态 被动语态 复合结构 否定式 V-ing 一般式 doing being done sb/sb’s doing sb/sb’s not doing sb/sb’s not having done 完成式 having done having been done Let’s look at more sentenses : Telling whether it is morning or night is impossible. Looking after reindeer was a way of life for the Sami. Mary’s being late for class made her teacher angry. 句中红色部分是动词-ing形式，在句中作_____。谓语动词用_____形式。 动词-ing作主语表示_____, 被动形式为_____。 主语 单数 习惯性或经常性的动作 being done 动词-ing形式作主语 1. 动词-ing形式作主语时，表示泛指，一般指抽象的、概念性的动作，可以是多次的、经常性的行为。 Reading aloud is a good way to learn a foreign language. Going to bed early and getting up early is considered to be a good habit. 注意区别： lying is wrong. Vs To lie to her is wrong. 动名词作主语 抽象、泛指、概念性 不定式作主语 具体的或一次性动作 动词-ing形式作主语 2. 动词-ing的复合结构作主语时,其形式为 名词所有格 / 形容词性物主代词 + 动词-ing”。 His being late again made his teacher very angry. Mike’s returning to work is a great help to his family. 动词-ing形式作主语 3. 动词 -ing 形式的否定式是在其前面加 not。 Not finishing his homework makes him upset. Tom’s not coming home in time made his parents worried. 动词-ing形式作主语 4. 动词 -ing 形式作主语时常后置，用 it 作形式主语，用形容词或名词作表语。常见的作表语的名词或短语有：no use, no good, fun, hard work, a wonder, a waste of time 等。 It was a waste of time reading that book. It is no use crying over spilt milk. It is/was a waste of time doing …做……是浪费时间的 It is/was no good/use/useless doing …做……是没有用的 It is/was worth/worthwhile doing … 做……是值得的 There is no sense/point in doing…做……没有用/没有意义 There is no denying that …不能否认的是…… Summary 形 式 意义及功能 用 法 V-ing做主语的三种形式 一般式 v + -ing 动词的形式，名词的用法和意义。 动词-ing形式具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语等。 动词-ing形式作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。此时，谓语动词用单数形式。 ① 动词-ing在句首直接作主语。 ② It 在句首作形式主语，动词-ing短语作真正的主语。 ③ There be + no + 动名词 Practice 1．It is a waste of time (talk) about such a thing. 2．His (oppose) my plan made me frustrated and disappointed. 3．Nowadays, (eq ... ...
