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课件网) Prefixes of negation 否定前缀 表示否定的前缀可分为四种: 纯粹表示否定的前缀，有a-，an-，dis-，il-,im-,in-， ir-, non-，un- 表示“错误”的前缀，有mis- 表示“反动作”的前缀，有de-，dis-，dys-,un- 表示“反对”的前缀，有anti-，contra-，counter- 前缀 a-,an-not, without, 用法 加在名词，形容词上 例词 原词 否定 moral amoral (与道德无关的ethically indifferent) sexual asexual centric acentric onymous署名的 anonymous 匿名的 1.纯粹表示否定的前缀 （2） 前缀 dis- 用法 加在动词,名词,形容词前 例词 loyal disloyal advantage disadvantage agree disagree like dislike believe disbelieve cover discover 1. We don't offer jobs to _____ (honest) people in Germany. 2. Most people _____(approve) of such violent tactics.多数人不赞同这类暴力手段。 3. The black car drove away from them and _____(appear). dishonest disapprove disappeared in-是来自拉丁语的前缀，主要有“not,the opposite of ”; “into, upon” 两种含义，这里只讨论第一种情况。 带有拉丁词尾-ate, -ant,-ent, -ite,-ible的词，否定前缀用in-，比如： inappropriate, incessant, indefinite, inaccessible,invincible, invisible等， 但也有例外，比如unfortunate. 前缀 in-(1)word-forming element meaning “not, opposite of, without” from Latin in- “not,” cognate with Greek an-, Old English un-, 与in-结合的词干均来自Latin. 用法 在形容词及其派生名词、副词上 例词 accurate inaccurate correct incorrect direct indirect complete incomplete ability inability active inactive in-受首字母的同化，产生了三种变体：il-（在字母l前用），im-(在字母m，b，p前用)，ir-（在字母r前用） (also im-, il-, ir- by assimilation of -n- with following consonant, a tendency which began in later Latin) il- legal--illegal, literate--illiterate, legible--illegible; logical--illogical im- mortal--immortal, balance--imbalance, possible--impossible, polite--impolite ir- regular-irregular, relative--irrelative， relevant-irrelevant, revocable--irrevocable 1.During the 1980s and 1990s, Tibetan antelopes were hunted_____(legal), leading to a sharp drop in their population. 2. The differences between most of the groups were statistically _____(significant); however,the participants in the 70 decibels( / des bel / n.分贝) group—those exposed to a level of noise similar to background chatter in a coffee shop-significantly outperformed the other groups. illegally insignificant 3.It can be difficult to start a hobby. You may have come across one that requires you to buy costly equipment. But the truth is that many hobbies can be started without much money. Find an _____ (expensive) hobby and pick something that is interesting and doesn’t require a lot of materials to start. inexpensive 前缀 un-not, the opposite of,from Old English. un-前缀来自英语本族语. 用法 用于大多数的形容词及其派生副词和名词上 例词 原词 否定 necessary unnecessary employment unemployment un- 1.以im-,in-开头的单词，不能再用in-,只能用un-,例如，unimaginable, unimpressive, unintelligent. 2.以-able,-ed,-like,-ly,-ful,-ing,-some 结尾的形容词多用un-, ... ...
