(
课件网) 五种基本句型 宾 主 宾补、主补 谓 表 同 定 状 八种句子成分 基本成分 修饰成分 基本句型一：Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｐ （主＋系＋表） You are my sunshine. 基本句型二：Ｓ+Ｖ （主＋谓） She smiled. 基本句型三： Ｓ+ Ｖ+ Ｏ （主＋谓＋宾） I love/hate you. She smiled at me. 基本句型四： Ｓ +Ｖ+ IO +DＯ （主＋谓＋间宾＋直宾） His father bought him a cake. 基本句型五： Ｓ+Ｖ+ Ｏ+ C （主＋谓＋间宾＋宾补） We call President Xi Xidada. 英语五种基本句型： 人 物 系动词 不及物动词，无被动语态 1. 及物动词 2. 不及物动词+介词 Let’s enjoy a story about the monkey and the dog. 5 basic sentence patterns in English 1. SVO subject verb object The monkey beat the dog. I will make many friends. I couldn’t concentrate on the experiment. We could put up signs. 两种情况：及物动词+宾语 不及物动词+介词宾语 5 basic sentence patterns in English 2. SV(主+不及物动词) subject verb The dog cried. Nobody left. You must stay. 不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语等 说出下列句子（主句）中的谓语是否及物动词，并判断宾语的性质。 1. Tom has a brother. _____ 2. They wanted to have a rest. _____ 3. I have some crayons. _____ 4. I am looking for a blue skirt. _____ 5. I enjoy reading. _____ 6. I know who discovered the America._____ 7. We will talk about what will happen in the future. _____ 及物动词(vt.)，名词作宾语 及物动词vt.，不定式作宾语 及物动词(vt.)，名词作宾语 及物动词vt.，动名词作宾语 及物动词vt.，从句作宾语 不及物动词vi+ 介词.，从句作宾语 不及物 vi.+介词，名词作宾语 5 basic sentence patterns in English 3. SVOC (主+谓+宾+宾补) subject verb object The monkey made the dog upset. object complement He found the picture pretty. I regard him as my best friend. 补语的作用是使句子意思完整。 5 basic sentence patterns in English 4. S V IO DC (主+谓+间宾+直宾) subject verb IO The monkey gave the dog a hug. DO 人是间接宾语，物是直接宾语 My sister wrote me a letter. My mother bought me a watch. Her mother made her a cake. 1.动词+sb+sth 2.动词+sth+to/for(get/buy/make) sb → My sister wrote a letter to me. → My mother bought a watch for me. → Her mother made a cake for her. * 用to侧重指动作的方向,表示朝着,向着,对着某人 give, show, send, bring, offer, lend, hand, pass, post, take, throw等。 * 用for侧重指动作的受益者,表示为了某人,替某人 make, buy, do, cook, sing, order, book(预定), keep, save等。 5 basic sentence patterns in English 5. SVP(主+系+表) subject verb The dog was happy. predictive 5 basic sentence patterns in English 系动词Linking Verb 1. 状态 be动词（am/is/are） 2. 感官 look, taste, feel, smell, sound 3. 变化 grow, go, get, become, turn 4. 持续 keep, stay, remain 5. 证明 prove 6. 好像 seem, appear I am happy. The day turns short. She always stays calm when facing danger The news proves wrong. He seems ill. The oranges smell delicious. 注意：stay 意为“停留/待 ”时为实义动词，而不是系动词 He usually stays at home on Sunday. 主 + 状 + 谓 + 宾 + 状 系动词没有被动语态 巩固练习 练习：判断下列句子的句型并翻译句子 He smiled. Her dream has come t ... ...
