Unit 2 1. congratulation n. 祝贺，恭喜；贺辞 Congratulations ! 恭喜恭喜！ Congratulations (to sb.) on sth. 祝贺（某人）某事 offer/ send one’s congratulations (to…) on sth. 因某事（向…）致以祝贺 Friends send their congratulations to Tim because he has been admitted into Peking University. [词形转换] 1）congratulate vt. 向（某人）道贺 congratulate sb. on sth. 因某事向某人道贺 congratulate oneself on sth. 因某事感到自豪 I congratulate myself on taking first place in the writing contest. 2. assume v. 1）以为，假设 assume (that)… 假设…；认为… assume sb./ sth. to be + n./ adj. 以为某人/某物是… It is (generally) assumed that… 人们（普遍）认为… It is generally assumed that stress may be caused by too much work. 2）开始掌管/承担责任 He is ready to assume control of the organization. [词形转换] 1）assumption n. 假设 make an assumption 做出假设 on the assumption that… 假定… 2）assuming conj. 假定，假设 3. tend v. 往往会；常常就；趋向；倾向；易于；照料 tend to do 往往会发生某事；易于做某事 Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate. tend to/ towards… 倾向于… tend to sb. 照顾某人 Sofia was in the bedroom tending to her son. [词形转换] 1）tendency n. 倾向；偏好；趋势 have a/ the tendency to do 有做某事的趋势 For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. 4. reduce v. 减少 reduce…to… 把…减少到… Our expenses have been reduced to 2000 yuan one month. reduce…by… 把…减少了 They reduced the prices by 30%. You had better go and buy something in a hurry. 1）reduce…to… 使沦为，使陷入窘境（常用被动） be reduced to tears 流下眼泪 Jenny was reduced to tears by her teacher’s criticism. be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟 The old building has been reduced to ruins, smelly and dirty. [词形转换] 1）reduction n. 减少，降低 make a reduction 减少；减价 5. range 1）v. 包括（各种不同的人或物）；（价格、温度、水平等）在某范围内变化 range from…to… 在…到…之间变化 This TV programme has a massive audience, ranging from children to the elderly. range between…and… 在…和…之间变化 2）n. 一系列；范围，界限；山脉；射程； a (wide) range of 各种各样的 in/ within range (of…) 在（…可及的）范围内 College students are of many different ages and come from a wide range of social, cultural and economic backgrounds. out of/ beyond range (of…) 超出（…）的范围 The price was beyond our range, so we declined. 6. energy n. 精力，活力；能量，能源 apply/ devote one’s energies to (doing) 把某人精力投到（做）某事上 I’ll devote my energies completely to the study of human geography. [词形转换] 1）energetic adj. 精力充沛的，充满活力的 2）energetically adv. 积极地；精力充沛地 7. average 1）n. 平均；平均数 on average 平均地 Remembering 70 new words a week means remembering only ten words a day on average. 2）adj. 平均地；正常的；普通的 8. injury n. 损伤；伤害 do sb. an injury 伤害某人（= do an injury to sb.） Don’t do that. You’ll do yourself an injury. [词形转换] 1）injured adj. 受伤的；委屈的 be/ get seriously/ slightly injured 受重伤/轻伤 2）in ... ...
~~ 您好，已阅读到文档的结尾了 ~~
