Unit 5 Section Ⅵ　Grammar —— 后缀课件(共22张PPT+ 学案）高中英语 北师大版（2019）必修 第二册

Section Ⅵ　Grammar ——— 后缀 ①Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring during the Antarctic winter of 1911. ②Amundsen got to the South Pole before Scott because he had done more preparation before leaving for the Pole. ③Scott and his team got into a difficult situation because their sledges broke down. ④Scott’s team tried to stay cheerful despite of all the difficulties they faced. ⑤Scott experienced a great sense of sadness after realising that all of his efforts to reach the South Pole were for nothing. ⑥Scott wrote about their hopeless situation in his diary. ⑦The bad weather increases the danger of their exploration. 【我的发现】 后缀-ly与形容词结合，构成　　　　，如句①；后缀-（t）ion和后缀-ation与动词结合，构成　　　　，如句②、③、⑦；后缀-ness与形容词结合，构成　　　　，如句⑤；后缀-ful和后缀-less与动词或名词结合，构成　　　　　　，如句④、⑥。 一、含义 　　在一个单词前面或后面加上一个词缀，使之变成一个新词，这种构词的方法叫作派生法。词缀有前缀和后缀两种。一般情况下，加前缀改变词义，加后缀改变词性。我们通常可以根据后缀判断出一个词的词性。 二、常见后缀 1.-（t）ion和-ation -（t）ion和-ation 表示“状态，动作过程，行为”，常与动词结合构成名词。例如：action， expression， graduation， education， starvation， introduction 等。 Only in his dreams does he give expression to his fears. 他只有在梦中表现出恐惧。 2.-ness -ness 表示 “性质，状态”，常与形容词结合构成名词。例如：happiness， sadness， fitness， illness， kindness等。 To our sadness， he died in an accident in 1962. 令我们悲伤的是，他在1962年死于一场事故。 3.-ful和-less -ful和-less表示相反的意义。-ful 表示“充满……的，有……性质的”，而-less 表示“无……的，不……的”。-ful 和-less 常与名词或动词结合构成形容词。 -ful构成的形容词：useful， harmful， hopeful， careful， helpful， meaningful， forgetful， thankful， fearful， beautiful 等。 -less 构成的形容词：useless， harmless， hopeless， careless， helpless， meaningless， homeless 等。 Smoking is not only harmful to smokers themselves， but also threatens other people’s health. 吸烟不仅对吸烟者有害，也会威胁其他人的健康。 Instead of rushing at life， I wanted something more meaningful. 我不想在生活中忙忙碌碌，而想做更有意义的事。 It only takes one careless driver to cause an accident. 只要有一个粗心大意的驾驶员便会发生车祸。 4.-ly -ly既可与名词结合构成形容词，表示“……品质的；每……的”；又可与形容词结合构成副词，表示“……地”，强调“状态，程度，方式”。 -ly构成的形容词：friendly， lovely， lively， daily， weekly等。 -ly构成的副词：extremely， slowly， happily， carefully等。 I’ve never been there， but it’s a lovely place， by all accounts. 我从未去过那里，但据说是个美丽的地方。 Houses in the neighbourhood of Paris are extremely expensive. 巴黎附近一带的住房极其昂贵。 名师点津 daily，weekly 等也可作副词。 【即时演练】　用所给词的适当形式填空。 ①　　　　　　 （graduate） makes us sad， but the future will be more exciting！ ②Physical activity is an important factor in maintaining 　　　　　　（fit）. ③Not al ... ...