被动语态专题 【学习目标】 学习和掌握被动句的基本结构和主、被动句的相互转换关系 【学习重点、难点】 重点： 被动句的基本结构 难点： 主、被动句的相互转换 【学习过程】 课堂任务一： 语态是动词的一种形式，它表示____和_____的关系。语态有两种：____语态和_____语态。如果主语是动作的执行者，或者是说动作是由主语完成的，要用主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者，或者是说动作不是由主语而是由其他人完成的，则用被动语态。 主动句与被动句的关系 主动句： 动作的执行者（主语） + 谓语动词 + 动作的承受者（宾语） He opened the door. 被动句：动作的承受者（主语）+ be + 动词的过去分词 + by + 动作的执行者 The door was opened by him. 注意： (1) 有时 by短语可以省略。 （2）主动句的时态是由谓语动词来体现的，而被动句的时态是由be动词来体现的。掌握了被动句的基本结构和主、被动句的相互转换关系，在考试中就可以不变应万变。 被动语态在各时态下谓语动词的变化详解 一般现在时的被动语态：am／is／are done 一般过去时的被动语态：was／were done 【例句展示】 1. Bruce writes a letter every week. →A letter _____ by Bruce every week. 2. Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning. → The broken bike _____ by Li Lei this morning. 【趁热打铁】 ( )1. Many trees and flowers in our school last year, and they made our school a beautiful garden. A. plant B. planted C. have planted D. were planted ( )2. The Olympic Games every four years. A. are held B. were held C. are holding D. will hold 现在进行时，过去进行时的被动语态 现在进行时的被动语态： was/were being done 过去进行时的被动语态： was/were being done 【例句展示】 1. Lucy is writing a letter now. → A letter _____ by Lucy now. 2. The Greens were cleaning their house at 10 o’clock yesterday. → The Greens’ house _____ by them at 10 o’clock. yesterday. 【趁热打铁】 The nurse was taking care of the sick man when I saw her. → ( )2. A new house ___ at the corner of the road. A. is building B. is being built C. been built D. be building 现在完成时，过去完成时的被动语态 现在完成时的被动语态： have/ has been done 过去完成时的被动语态： had been done 【例句展示】 1. He has written two novels so far. → Two novels _____ by him so far. 2. John had finished his homework today. →John’s homework _____ by him today. 【趁热打铁】 ( )1.These papers___ yet. A. have not written B. have not been written C. has not written D. has not been written ( )2.I’ve told the old man his money _____ by the policemen. has been found B. have been found C. have found out D. has found 一般将来时的被动语态：will be done 过去将来时的被动语态：should ／would be done 【例句展示】 They will plant ten trees tomorrow. → Ten trees _____by them tomorrow. ( )1. Computer ____ in everyday life in this country before long（很快）. A. is used B. will use C. will be used D. was used ( )2. The old bridge in my hometown___ next month. A. is going to be rebuilt B. will rebuilt C. are going to be rebuilt D. are going to rebuilt 含情态动词的被动语态 含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词＋be done 【例句展示】 You must lock the door when you leave. → The door _____ when you leave. 【趁热打铁】 ( )1. You must lock ... ...
