被动语态 一、核心定义与结构 【定义】：主语是动作的承受者，强调动作的对象而非执行者。 【基本结构】：be 动词 + 及物动词的过去分词 (+ by 执行者) 时态变化通过 Be 动词体现，过去分词不变。 例：The cake is made by my mother.（一般现在时） The project will be completed next month.（一般将来时） 二、时态与被动结构（九年级重点） 时态 被动语态构成 例句 一般现在时（必掌握） am/is/are + done English is spoken worldwide. 一般过去时（必掌握） was/were + done The letter was sent yesterday. 一般将来时 will be + done A new school will be built here. 现在完成时 have/has been + done The homework has been finished. 现在进行时 am/is/are being + done The room is being cleaned now. 含情态动词 情态动词 + be + done Phones must be turned off in class. 【备注】中考着重考一般现在时和一般过去的被动语态。 【技巧点拨】 ●考生在做此类试题时， 应注意以下三点： 1. 做语法选择题时，先观察选项，若选项出现“be+动词过去分词”的形式，则此题便是在考被动语态，正确 答案直接锁定具有该特征的选项。 2. 被动语态的考查一般会和时态相结合。考生可根据关键词(时间状语)来判断时态。对于没有关键词的题目， 则要根据前后句已经给出的时态、语境并结合常识进行判断。 【典例剖析】Many houses _____ in the flood last year. A. was damaged B. are damaged C. were damaged 【点拨】： 第①步：观察选项：B.are damaged， C.were damaged 都具有“be+动词过去分词”的形式，故本题考被动语态。 。 1 第②步：看时态，根据”last year”，可知是一般过去时,故排除 B 选项。 第③步：再看主语“many houses”是复数形式，谓语动词用 were damaged，故选择 C。 【小试牛刀】 一．单项选择 （ ）1. More girls to do housework than boys in today’s society. A.asked B.were asked C.are asked D.is asked （ ）2. I can’?t understand story because it _____in English. A. write B. will write C. are written D. is written （ ）3.Our classroom every day. A. clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning （ ）4. Many buildings by the earthquake ,which made thousands of people homeless. A.destroyed B.were destroyed C.were destroying D.are destroyed （ ）5.Mike and Tom to the their good friend’s birthday party last Sunday. A.invited B.was invited C.were invited D.had invited （ ）6. The 17th sports meet in our school next Friday. A. hold B. will hold C. will be held D.is held （ ）7.The solution to do with problems if we can work together. A. is found B.will be found C.will find D.found 二．用括号提示的正确形式填空 1. When we were a child, we _____ （teach）to treat others with kindness and warmth. 2. The traffic rules must _____（obey）so as to keep ourselves safe when we are on the road. 3. The broken window _____（repair）by the worker tomorrow. 4. During the Spring Festival, dumplings _____（make)by family members together in northern China. 5. The Christmas tree _____ （decorate）with colorful lights and gifts by the children yesterday. 6. Now Chinese couples _____（encourage）to have three children to reduce the pressure of an aging population. 三、主动语态变被动语态步骤 1.确定宾语： 例：主动: We plant trees. → 被动:Trees are planted by us. 2.转换谓语： 3.保留或省 ... ...
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