Section Ⅵ Grammar ——— 主谓一致 ①Following Jane’s way of studying chimps， our group are all going to visit them in the forest. ②Watching a family of chimps wake up is our first activity of the day. ③Everybody sits and waits in the shade of the trees while the family begins to wake up and move off. ④Jane warns us that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by the afternoon and she is right. ⑤Ten hours has passed since I came here. 【我的发现】 1.句①中的group强调成员，故其后谓语动词用 形式；句③中的family和句④中的group强调整体，故其后谓语动词用 形式。 2.句②中的主语为动词-ing形式，故其谓语动词用第三人称 形式。 3.表示时间、距离、金额、度量衡等的名词作主语时，常表示一个整体概念，谓语动词用 形式，如句⑤。 主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。 一、语法一致原则 主语的单复数决定了谓语动词的单复数。 1.动词-ing形式、动词不定式、从句或不定代词作主语时，谓语动词常用单数。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐使我在忙碌了一天之后得到放松。 Everything is in a complete mass， which drives people crazy. 所有的事情都毫无头绪，让人发疯。 名师点津 what引导的从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式，但如果从句表示复数意义，则谓语动词用复数形式。 What he said is far from the truth. 他的话与事实相差太远了。 What the school needs are qualified teachers. 这个学校需要的是合格的老师。 2.主语后跟with， together with， as well as， like， but， except， along with， rather than， including， in addition to等引导的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 The teacher as well as his students was very excited. 老师和他的学生们都很兴奋。 I think Tom， rather than you is to blame for the accident. 我认为是汤姆而不是你该为这起事故受到责备。 3.and， both ...and ...连接两个不同的主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting-room. 她的老师和朋友们都在客厅。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家创作了许多作品。 4.定语从句中关系代词作主语时，从句中的谓语动词要与先行词保持一致。 I will always treasure the moments that were full of pleasures. 我将永远珍惜那些充满欢乐的时光。 5.“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。each， every， no所修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接，谓语动词仍用单数。 Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process. 很多父母都不得不经历同样的痛苦过程。 Every boy and every girl wishes to attend the party held on Sunday. 每个男孩和女孩都希望参加周日举行的聚会。 【即时演练1】 单句语法填空 ①She is proud that both her children （has） a gift for music. ②Regular exercise， along with proper diets， （benefit） our health in the long run. ③The scenery on the small island which （be） surrounded by the sea is very beautiful. ④When classical music rather than pop （be） played， diners spent more money. ⑤Men and women ... ...
