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课件网) Grammar learn sentence structures — S+V, S+V+O and S+V+P; At the end of this lesson, you will be able to learn verbs — intransitive verbs (vi.), transitive verbs (vt.) and linking verbs (linking v.); write about one season, using different sentence structures — S+V, S+V+O and S+V+P. 组成句子的成分叫句子成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。 句子成分 句子的基本成分有七种： subject (主语) predicate (谓语) object (宾语) attribute (定语) adverbial (状语) complement (补语) predicative (表语) 句子的“主角”（谁/什么做动作、是什么） 句子的“核心动作/状态”（由动词担任） 动作的“对象”（跟在行为动词后） 跟在系动词后，“补充说明主语”（是什么/怎么样） 专门修饰名词（常放在名词前） 不改变句子核心，但补充“时间、地点、方式、程度”等细节 补充说明宾语/主语”，让意思更完整 My favourite season Let’s read and pay attention to the underlined sentences. What kind of verbs are they Today we’re going to learn verbs and sentence structures. Which season do you like best As for me, I like autumn best. Because when the autumn arrives, the temperature drops. It is not so hot like summer. And the leaves turn yellow. Everything is beautiful. On sunny autumn days, the sky is blue. I often fly a kite. linking verbs 连系动词 action verbs 行为动词（实义动词） 动词是谓语部分的核心，不同的动词构成了不同的句子结构。 Verbs and sentence structures (I) 行为动词有实在的意义，可在句中充当谓语，表示动作或状态。行为动词可分为及物动词 (transitive verbs) 和不及物动词 (intransitive verbs)。 行为动词（实义动词） 不及物动词 及物动词 及物动词或不及物动词 ① We all laughed. ② Peter is swimming in the pool now. ③ I hope for her letter anxiously. 不及物动词本身意义完整，不能直接加宾语，如果要加宾语必须在动词后面加上相应的介词。 我们都笑了。 彼得现在正在泳池里游泳。 我巴望着她的回信。 及物动词本身意义不够完整，后面需接宾语。 ① His mother cooks dinner every day. ② Kitty will watch a film this Sunday. 他妈妈每天做饭。 基蒂这个星期天会去看电影。 主语+谓语(不及物动词) (S +V) 此句型中“主语+不及物动词/词组”构成句子主体部分，不及物动词后不能直接带宾语。但有时为了表示发生的频率、原因、结果、目的、地点或时间等，可以有状语来修饰。 The temperature drops. 1) Class begins. 2) His father has gone abroad. 3) We stopped to have a rest. 地点状语 目的状语 Millie flies a kite. 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 (S+V+O) 此句型中谓语是及物动词，其后必须跟宾语才能使句意表达完整。 注意：一些不及物动词后面加介词相当于一个及物动词，之后可加宾语。 ① The girl enjoys playing the piano. ② Children eat ice cream. He arrived in London yesterday. 由……充当 例句 He has formed the habit of rising early in the morning. Have you told them anything about the accident If you add 5 to 5, you get 10. We may find out the unknown by calculation. 可在句中充当宾语的成分 名词 代词 数词 名词化的形容词 可在句中充当宾语的成分 由……充当 例句 I dislike travelling to work in a very crowded bus every day. He refused to attend the medical conference. I wonder whether I should stay or not ... ...
