阅读理解 文体分类练3　说明文之新发明、新产品类--2026高考英语第二轮专题复习练（含答案与解析）

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台 2026高考英语第二轮专题复习 文体分类练(三)　说明文之新发明/新产品类 Passage 1(2025山东济宁二模) 主题:处理高盐有机废水的方法　 词数:324 难度:★★★ 限时:7分钟 Numerous industries produce larger quantities of wastewaters containing high concentrations of organic substances and inorganic salts.Discharging these wastewaters to the environment is harmful to the ecosystem and human health.However,the high salt content in these wastewaters poses serious challenges for existing treatment processes.Researchers at Rice University,in partnership with Guangdong University of Technology,have developed a groundbreaking method for it — adopting dialysis(透析) technology commonly used in medicine. The researchers selected commercial ultrafiltration membranes(超滤膜) which were designed to let salt pass through while trapping organic substances.They set up a system where salty wastewater and fresh water flowed in opposite directions on either side of a special membrane,without needing pumps.Due to the difference in salt concentrations between wastewater and fresh water,salt naturally moves into the fresh water while organic substances are kept back.To test this,they compared the amount of organic materials and salt in the wastewater before and after treatment.The results showed the system could effectively remove salt without using extra amounts of fresh water. One significant advantage of dialysis is its resistance to fouling(积垢).Unlike pressure-driven systems,dialysis experienced notably less buildup of organic materials on the membrane because it doesn’t rely on extra pressure.“This could translate to lower energy consumption,less maintenance,and fewer membrane replacements,” said Elimelech,a researcher on the study. Additionally,with suitable membranes,dialysis can be tailored to separate various organic compounds,enabling the selective recovery of valuable resources from wastewater.In this way,dialysis creates opportunities for transforming wastewater treatment plants into resource recovery factories,aligning the principles of a circular economy. Overall,while dialysis alone doesn’t fully purify wastewater,it can transform the high-salinity organic wastewater stream into a low-salinity organic wastewater stream that can be readily treated by conventional methods,which revolutionizes the treatment of some of the most challenging industrial wastewaters. 1.What is the major challenge faced by the current wastewater treatment A.The lack of sufficient treatment devices. B.The high salt percentage in wastewater. C.The substantial volumes of wastewater. D.The considerable cost of treatment processes. 2.What can be learned about the process of dialysing wastewater A.The membrane transformed salt into organic compounds. B.The extra pressure contributed to salt transport. C.The concentration difference played the key role. D.Liquids on both sides flowed in the same direction. 3.What does the underlined word “aligning” probably mean ... ...