(课件网) UNIT 5 FIRST AID Section Ⅲ Learning About Language 任务1 讲细·语法知识点 语法项目———复习动词-ing形式 [初识语法·整体感悟] 一、从宏观建立思维导图 二、在课文句子中体悟 观察下面的句子,并感知动词-ing形式的用法。 1. As you can imagine, getting burnt can lead to very serious injuries. 2. The first and most important step in the treatment of burns is giving first aid. 3. Burns are divided into three types, depending on the depth of skin damage. 4. Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. 5. Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the fabric sticking to the burnt skin. 6. Applying oil to the injured areas is a bad idea, as it will keep the heat in the wounds and may cause infection. [慧学语法·演绎融通] 动词-ing 形式是动词的一种非谓语形式,包括动名词和现在分词两种。 动名词在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语;现在分词在句中作表语、状语、宾语 补足语和定语。 一、动词-ing 形式作主语 动词-ing形式作主语时,表示经常性、习惯性的动作,常置于句首。 ①Reading aloud is a good way to learn languages. 大声朗读是学习语言的一种好方法。 ②Wasting a person’s time is the same as killing him for his property. 浪费别人的时间无异于谋财害命。 二、动词-ing形式作宾语 1. 作动词的宾语 Would you mind opening the window? 你介意打开窗户吗? 名师点津 常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词可用下面的口诀帮助记忆: 避免错过少延期(avoid, miss, postpone) 建议完成多练习(advise/suggest, finish, practise) 喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy, imagine, can’t help) 承认否定与嫉妒(admit, deny, envy) 逃避冒险莫原谅(escape, risk, excuse) 忍受保持不介意(stand, keep, mind) 2. 作动词短语的宾语 常见的跟动词-ing形式作宾语的动词短语有insist on,object to,be good at,be fond of,lead to,put off,give up,look forward to,feel like,get used to,pay attention to,be worth 等。 I’m looking forward to being admitted to a key university. 我盼望着被一所重点大学录取。 3. 在有些动词(start,begin,continue等)的后面,既可以接动词-ing形式也可以接 不定式作宾语,两者意义区别不大。 They continued working/to work as if nothing had happened. 他们继续工作,似乎什么也没发生过。 5. 下列动词可接动词-ing的主动形式表示被动意义,相当于不定式的被动形式。 need/want/require/deserve doing=need/want/require/deserve to be done The bike needs repairing/to be repaired. 这辆自行车需要修理。 三、动词-ing 形式作表语 作表语的动词-ing 形式包括现在分词和动名词。 1. 现在分词作表语,往往具有形容词的性质,说明主语的性质、特征等。作表语的 现在分词,许多是由能够表示人的某种感情或情绪的动词变化而来。常见的有 moving,interesting,encouraging,exciting,inspiring,boring,surprising,puzzling, amusing,astonishing等,这类分词有“令人……的”的含义,常修饰物。 Your speech is very interesting and inspiring. 你的演讲很有趣而且很鼓舞人。 2. 动名词作表语多表示抽象性的动作或习惯性的动作,一般说明主语的内容。 Her job is keeping the lecture hall as clean as possible. 她的工作是尽可能使报告厅保持干净 ... ...