
中考英语语法知识点强化—介词及固定搭配超全解析 (附练习题+答案+学习指导) 介词在句子中常用于表示时间 / 地点 / 方向 / 方式 / 原因 / 伴随 / 对象 / 比较等关系。介词短语(介词 + 名词/代词)常作为状语、定语或宾语出现。掌握高频介词用法和固定搭配对写作、完形与改错题尤其重要。 一、介词的基本分类与常见用法(要点速记) 1. 表示时间的介词 at + 具体时刻:at 7 o’clock, at noon, at midnight on + 日期 / 星期 / 特定一天:on Monday, on July 1st, on my birthday in + 月 / 年 / 季节 / 早晚较长时间段:in July, in 2020, in summer, in the morning since / for:自从 / 持续多长时间 since 2010(从2010起) / for three years(持续三年) by / until / till:截止时间 / 直到…为止 by next week(在下周之前) / until Friday(直到周五) 2. 表示地点的介词 at + 点 / 场所(强调具体点): at the door, at school (强调在学校场所) in + 场所内部 / 城市 / 国家: in the room, in Beijing, in China on + 表面 / 街道 / 媒体: on the table, on the wall, on Main Street, on TV near / next to / beside / opposite / between / among:表示位置关系 next to / beside(紧邻) / opposite(对面) / between A and B(在…之间) / among(三者以上之间) 3. 表示方向 / 运动的介词 to:朝向(目标) → go to school into / out of:进入 / 出来 → go into the room / come out of the box onto / off:上到… / 从…上下来 → jump onto the bed / get off the bus from / away from / towards:从… / 远离 / 朝向 4. 表示方式 / 工具 / 伴随的介词 by + 交通工具(不加冠词):by bus, by plane with + 工具 / 一起:cut with a knife / go with friends on foot(徒步),by hand(手工) 5. 表示原因 / 目的 / 结果的介词/短语 because of / due to / owing to:由于(原因) for / in order to / so as to:为了(目的) study hard for the exam(为考试) / in order to pass(为了通过) 二、常见固定搭配(高频记忆点) 下面是中考高频且易考的介词搭配,建议背诵并联系例句记忆(括号内为中文): A. 动词 + 介词(动词短语 / 介词搭配) look at sth(看) look for sb/sth(寻找) look after sb/sth(照顾) listen to sb/sth(听) depend on sb/sth(依靠 / 取决于) belong to sb(属于) agree with sb(同意某人) apply for (a job / a visa)(申请) consist of(由…组成) suffer from(患…;遭受) take part in / participate in(参加) B. 形容词 / 名词 + 介词 interested in(对…感兴趣) good at(擅长) afraid of(害怕) full of(充满) tired of(厌倦) famous for(因…出名) be proud of(为…自豪) a lack of(缺乏) in need of(需要) C. 介词短语(常用作状语) in time(及时) vs on time(准时) at first(起初) / at last(终于) in the end(最终) by chance(偶然) / on purpose(故意) for example / for instance(例如) in general(总体上,一般而言) as a result(结果) due to(由于) 三、常见易错点与记忆技巧 in / on / at 的记忆 地点:in(大范围:city, country, room),on(表面:wall, table, street),at(点:school, door, station) 时间:in(months, years, seasons),on(days, dates),at(clock times, noon, midnight) by / with 区别 by + 交通工具或被动句的施事(by car / by plane / by sb) with + 工具(cut with a knife),也可表示“和…一起”(go with) to / for 区别 to 表方向或目的地 ... ...
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