定语从句学案(Ⅰ)(无答案）2026届高考英语一轮复习专项

定语从句 学案一 教学目标： 1.掌握定语从句的定义和作用 2.掌握关系代词that，which，who，whom，whose，as基本用法 3.掌握关系代词的特殊用法 4.掌握使用定语从句的注意事项 教学过程 导入--诵读课本例句并感知画线部分的共性 1．(必修一教材P50)There were deep cracks that/which appeared in the well walls. 2．(必修一教材P50）The number of people who were killed or badly injured in the quake was more than 400,000. 3．(必修一教材P50)Soon after the quakes, the army sent150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. 4．(必修一教材P50)Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. 5．(必修一教材P52)A doctor with whom James used to work died in the 2016 earthquake in Ecuador. [发现总结] 1．第3、4句中的定语从句使用了关系代词who，在定语从句中作主语。 2．第1句中的定语从句使用了关系代词which/that，在定语从句中作主语。 3．第5句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whom，在定语从句中作宾语。 关系代词who/whom常用来指代人；关系代词that/which常用来指代物；关系代词that既可以指人也可以指物。 4．第4句中的定语从句使用了关系代词whose，在定语从句中作定语，它既可以指人也可以指物。 [语法精讲] 一、定语从句的定义和作用 在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫作定语从句。 从句修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose，as等；关系副词有when，where，why。 二、关系代词的基本用法 1．who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The man who is talking with my father is a teacher.正在和我父亲说话的那个人是教师。 The girl (who) I met yesterday is his sister.我昨天见到的那个女孩是他的妹妹。 2．whom指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略，不能作主语。 The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor.老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。 注意： (1)关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替。 The boy(who/whom/that) I saw yesterday is John's brother. (2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用whom，不用who。 He is a man from whom we are all ready to learn.他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。 3．which只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 Gui lin is a city which has a history of 2,000 years.桂林是一个有2 000年历史的城市。 The young man was very happy to get back the gold ring (which) he had lost on the train.那个年轻人找回了在火车上丢失的金戒指，非常高兴。 4．that指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The woman (that) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.我在报纸上读过那位妇女的相关报道，她刚刚夺得一枚金牌。 The report (that) Mr.Turner handed in was about the motor race.特纳先生递交的报告是关于摩托车比赛的。 5．whose既可指人，也可指物。其后接名词，与先行词构成从属关系，作从句定语。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country. Nobody wants the house whose roof has fallen in.没有人想要这个屋顶已坍塌的房子。 as “正如，像”等。可以放在句首，句中或句末。 常用于以下句型当中：as we ... ...