
初中英语书面表达10大常见扣分项大汇总 一、英语写作 10 大常见扣分项 01. 时态混用问题 核心问题:除了一般过去时 / 现在时混用,还常出现 “现在完成时 + 过去时间状语”“过去进行时与一般过去时错位” 等问题。 更多错例: He has visited Beijing last summer.(现在完成时不能接具体过去时间 last summer) While I watched TV, my mom came back.(while 引导的持续动作需用过去进行时) 正确表达: He visited Beijing last summer. / He has visited Beijing twice. While I was watching TV, my mom came back. 教学策略: 用 “时态时间轴” 可视化:将 “过去(yesterday/last week)、现在(now/every day)、过去持续(while/when)、现在完成(already/yet)” 对应到时间轴上,让学生直观理解时态与时间的匹配关系。 02. 主谓不一致问题 核心问题:忽略 “集体名词(family/team)、不定代词(everyone/nothing)、并列主语” 的主谓规则。 更多错例: Everyone in my class like English.(不定代词 everyone 作主语,谓语用单数) My family are going to have a trip.(family 指 “家庭整体” 时,谓语用单数) 正确表达: Everyone in my class likes English. My family is going to have a trip.(指整体)/ My family are busy with their work.(指家庭成员) 教学策略: 整理 “特殊主语主谓表”(如:something→is,people→are,A and B→are),通过 “主语替换 + 谓语判断” 游戏(如把 “everyone” 换成 “he”,快速确定谓语单数)强化记忆。 03. 名词单复数与冠词问题(补充:不可数名词量化 + 冠词特指 / 泛指) 核心问题:不可数名词量化错误(如 “two bread”)、冠词特指(the)与泛指(a/an)混淆。 更多错例: She bought two bread for breakfast.(bread 不可数,需用 “two pieces of bread”) I want to visit the Great Wall and a Summer Palace.(专有名词 Summer Palace 前用 the) 正确表达: She bought two pieces of bread for breakfast. I want to visit the Great Wall and the Summer Palace. 教学策略: 用 “量词公式” 记忆不可数量化:数词 + 量词(piece/bottle/cup)+of + 不可数名词;通过 “场景判断法” 区分冠词(第一次提到用 a/an,再次提到或特指用 the)。 04. 代词指代不明问题 核心问题:物主代词(my/mine)、反身代词(myself/yourself)使用错误,或指代对象跨句模糊。 更多错例: This is Tom's book. It's her.(her 是宾格,需用名词性物主代词 hers) My sister taught she English.(teach 后接宾格,用 her) Tom told Jim he won the game.(he 指代不明,是 Tom 还是 Jim?) 正确表达: This is Tom's book. It's hers. My sister taught her English. Tom told Jim that he (Tom) won the game. 教学策略: 制作 “代词功能表”(主格→作主语,宾格→动 / 介词后,名词性物主代词→代指 “形容词性物主代词 + 名词”);指代不明时,引导学生 “补全指代对象”(如括号内标注)。 05. 介词搭配错误问题 核心问题:固定短语(depend on/in)、地点介词(in/on/at)混淆,如 “arrive at/in”“on the street/in the road”。 更多错例: He arrived to Shanghai yesterday.(arrive 后接大地点用 in,小地点用 at) She is interested on painting.(固定短语 be interested in) 正确表达: He arrived in Shanghai yesterday. She is interested in painting. 教学策略: 按 “功能分类” 整理介词表(如:到达→arrive at/in,擅长→be good at,关于→talk about),每类搭配 3 个例句,通过 “短语接龙” 游戏(如 “be good a ... ...
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