必修一 Unit 4 词汇讲解 1. disaster / d zɑ:st (r) / n.灾难；灾害； 不幸，祸患 ★ 同义词： catastrophe / k t str fi/ ★ disastrous adj. 灾难性的 Eg: an air disaster 空难 eg: environmental disasters 环境灾难 eg: a natural disaster 自然灾害 Eg: Losing your job doesn't have to be such a disaster. eg: Their first date was a _____ (disaster) failure. 2. tornado /t : ne d / n.(pl. -oes or-os) 龙卷风；旋风 Eg： He rushed in like a tornado. 3. drought / dra t / n.旱灾；久旱 Eg: one of the worst droughts on record. ★_____ adj. 干的，干燥的 4. landslide / l ndsla d / n. ( landfall) (山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡; 一方占绝对优势的选举 Eg: a landslide victory Eg: The storm caused landslides and flooding in the area. 5. slide / sla d / vi. & vt. (pt. slid , pp. slid) (使 ）滑行；滑动; 快捷而悄声地移动; n. 滑梯； 幻灯片 Eg:She slide down the grassy slope. eg： He slid into bed. Eg: She slid out while no one was looking. eg：It is fun to slide on the ice. 6. tsunami / tsu: nɑ:mi / 海啸 eg: A terrible tsunami followed the earthquake. 7. flood / fl d / n. 洪水；大量 Eg: The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country. ★ a flood of .... 大量的 Eg: a flood of complaints （抱怨） ★ vi.淹没；大量涌入； vt 使灌满水；淹没 → flood in/into.... 大量涌入 ； flood out of... 蜂拥而出； be flooded with 被...所淹没 eg： Large numbers of refugees（避难者） flooded into the area. Eg: The kitchen floods when it rains heavily. Eg: The river flooded the valley. eg: After the storm, the streets were flooded with water. 字面意思： 街道被水淹没 eg: The top university was flooded with applications. 引申意思： 表示数量极多，像洪水一样涌来。 8. volcanic eruption /v l k n k r p n/ 火山喷发 ★ volcano n. 火山 → volcanic adj. 火山的 ★ erupt v. 喷发，爆发 → eruption n. 喷发，爆发 9. magnitude / m gn tju:d / n. (地）震级；重大 Eg:We didn't realize the magnitude of the problem. Eg: the magnitude of the earthquake 10. rescue / reskju: / n.& vt. 营救；救援 ★ come/go to sb's rescue 来/去救援某人 ★ rescue team/workers 救援人员 Eg: When we were in danger, they came to our rescue. ★ rescue ....from.... 把....从...中救援出来 Eg:_____. 昨天这名勇敢的消防员从燃烧的房子 中救出了三个孩子。 11.damage / d m d / vt. 损害；破坏 n.损坏；损失 〔U〕; (法院判定的）赔偿金 （pl.） Eg: The bridge was badly damaged by the flood. Eg: Smoking seriously damages your health. ★ do/cause damage to.... 对....造成损害/破坏 Eg: The storm did a lot of damage to the crops. 12.destroy/d 'str / vt. 摧毁 ；毁灭 Eg： The big fire destroyed the whole building. 区别： destroy 表示 破坏，毁灭， 使之毁灭或无用，一般不能或很难修复。 该词只有动词的词性。 damage 表示 损害，损坏， 主要指对价值和功能的破坏， 多用于无生命的东西，一般还可修复。 ★ destruction n.破坏，摧毁，毁灭 13.evacuate / v kjue t / vt. 疏散；撤出 vi. 撤离 Eg: Residents have been evacuated from the dangerous area. 居民已撤离该危险地区。 Eg: Locals were told to evacuate. 当地居民已被通知撤离。 ★ evacuation n. 疏散，撤离 He is responsible for the_____( ... ...
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