
第一部分 核心词根词族 词根是词汇的“核心骨架”,掌握词根可快速推导派生词含义,是高考词汇记忆 的核心方法。 1. act- / ag-(核心含义:做、行动、驱动) 派生词 1:act(v. 行动;表演;n. 行为) 真题例句:2023 年全国甲卷阅读 A 篇:"You don't have to wait for an official call to act. Small steps can make a big difference." 派生词 2:active(adj. 积极的;活跃的) 构词:act(行动)+ -ive(形容词后缀,表“…性质的”) 真题例句:2022 年新高考 I 卷完形填空:"As an active member of the school drama club, she often helps organize performances." 派生词 3:action(n. 行动;行为) 构词:act(行动)+ -ion(名词后缀,表“行为”) 真题例句:2021 年全国乙卷阅读 D 篇:"Actions speak louder than words, so it's better to show your support through practical help." 派生词 4:react(v. 反应;回应) 构词:re-(前缀,表“回”)+ act(行动)→ 对外界行动的回应 真题例句:2024 年浙江卷阅读 B 篇:"How people react to failure often determines whether they can achieve success in the end." 派生词 5:interaction(n. 互动;相互作用) 构词:inter-(前缀,表“在…之间”)+ act(行动)+ -ion(名词后缀)→ 彼此 之间的行动 真题例句:2023 年新高考 II 卷阅读 C 篇:"The interaction between teachers and students plays a key role in improving learning efficiency." 2. pos- / posit-(核心含义:放、放置) 派生词 1:position(n. 位置;立场;v. 安置) 构词:posit(放置)+ -ion(名词后缀)→ 放置的地方或态度 真题例句:2022 年全国乙卷阅读 C 篇:"She adjusted her position slightly to get a better view of the stage." 派生词 2:propose(v. 提议;建议;求婚) 构词:pro-(前缀,表“向前”)+ pose(放置)→ 向前放置观点或请求 真题例句:2023 年新高考 I 卷语法填空:"He proposed that we should start early to avoid the morning traffic." 派生词 3:postpone(v. 推迟;延期) 构词:post-(前缀,表“在…之后”)+ pone(pos 的变体,放置)→ 放到后面做 真题例句:2024 年全国 I 卷完形填空:"Due to the bad weather, the sports meeting had to be postponed until next week." 派生词 4:expose(v. 暴露;揭露) 构词:ex-(前缀,表“出”)+ pose(放置)→ 放置到外面,不再隐藏 真题例句:2021 年新高考 I 卷阅读 D 篇:"The report exposed the problems in the current education system and put forward solutions." 派生词 5:deposit(v. 存放;沉积;n. 存款;押金) 构词:de-(前缀,表“向下”)+ posit(放置)→ 向下放置并留存 真题例句:2022 年天津卷阅读 B 篇:"You need to deposit 500 yuan as a security deposit when renting the apartment." 3. port-(核心含义:携带、运输、支撑) 派生词 1:support(v. & n. 支持;支撑) 构词:sup-(前缀,表“在下面”)+ port(携带)→ 在下面携带,即支撑 真题例句:2020 年全国 II 卷阅读 D 篇:"Her family and friends have always given her strong support in her pursuit of art." 派生词 2:import(v. 进口;输入;n. 进口商品) 构词:im-(前缀,表“进入”)+ port(携带)→ 携带进入本国 真题例句:2023 年北京卷阅读 C 篇:"This country imports a large amount of grain every year to meet domestic demand." 派生词 3:export(v. 出口;输出;n. 出口商品) 构词:ex-(前缀,表“出去”)+ port(携带)→ 携带到国外 真题例句:2024 ... ...
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